下呼吸道感染革兰阴性杆菌的菌群分布及耐药性分析  

Analysis of Distribution and drug resistance among Gram-negative bacteria from Lower respiratory tract infection

作　　者：伦小燕[1] 李南洋[1] 林丽珍[1] 黄小茜[1] 赵嘉红[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东省肇庆市第一人民医院,526021

出　　处：《中国实用医药》2010年第27期9-10,共2页China Practical Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解下呼吸道感染革兰阴性杆菌的常见细菌分布及耐药性情况。以协助临床合理应用抗菌药物。方法对2009年1月至2010年5月住院患者下呼吸道感染痰标本所分离的病原菌,进行菌种和耐药性回顾性统计分析。结果共收集1354株细菌,其中革兰阴性杆菌1095株,占80.87%。革兰阴性杆菌中分离率占前五位的分别是:铜绿假单胞菌250株(占18.46%),鲍曼不动杆菌182株(占13.44%),肺炎克雷伯菌株158株(占11.67%),大肠埃希菌143株(占10.56%),嗜麦芽黄单孢菌86株(占6.35%)。主要革兰阴性杆菌均耐药,对抗菌药物耐药率普遍较高的细菌为鲍曼不动杆菌、肺炎克雷伯菌,大肠埃希菌。结论呼吸道分离的革兰阴性杆菌均存在严重耐药问题,及时监测病原菌变化及耐药趋势以指导临床用药至关重要。Objective To investigate the distribution and drug resistance among Gram-negative bacteria fromrespiratory tract infections and their drug resistance to help reasonably utilize the antibiotics. Methods A retrospective analysis for the antibiotic resistance of pathogen isolated from sputum sample of nosocomial lower respiratory tract infection was mede in OUF hospital from Jan 2009 to Jan 2010. Results A total of 1354 iso-lates of pathogens were collected. Gram-negative bacilli were 1095 （ 80. 87% ） 。the outstanding pathogens were Pseudomonas aeruginosa was 250（ 18. 46% ） ,Acinetobacter baumanii was 182 （ 13. 44% ） ,Klebsiella pneu-moniae was 158 （ 11. 67% ） ,Escherichia coli was 143 （ 10. 56% ） ,P seudomonas maltophilia was 86 （ 6. 35%）. The dominant Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria were resistan. The resitant rate was higher in Acinetobacter baumanii,Klebsiella pneumoniae,Escherichia coli. Conclusion Drug resistance of isolated pathogenic bacteria from respiratory tract infection is a serious problem. Monitoring the change of pathogen and the trends of antimicrobial resistance is very important in guiding the antibiotic therapy.

关 键 词：耐药性 抗生素 下呼吸道感染 革兰阴性杆菌 

分 类 号：R446.5[医药卫生—诊断学]