全氟辛酸三烷基铵的表面活性、润湿及泡沫性能  

Surface activity,wetting and foaming properties of trialkylammonium perfluorooctanoate

作　　者：周洪涛[1] 邢航[2] 勾志明[2] 余海谦 肖进新[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(华东)石油工程学院,山东青岛266555 [2]北京氟乐邦表面活性剂技术研究所,北京100080

出　　处：《日用化学工业》2010年第5期320-325,共6页China Surfactant Detergent & Cosmetics

摘　　要：通过测定全氟辛酸三甲/乙/丙/丁铵[C7F15COONH(CnH2n+1)3,n=1,2,3,4,简称为TMHPFO,TEHPFO,TPHPFO,TBHPFO]水溶液的表面张力、泡沫及在石蜡表面的接触角,研究三烷基铵反离子对氟表面活性剂的影响。表面张力实验表明,反离子为三甲/乙/丙铵离子时,氟表面活性剂具有极高的表面活性,其表面活性不仅高于普通的全氟辛酸盐(如钠盐),而且高于已报道的反离子为四烷基铵的全氟辛酸盐,说明反离子结构的很小改变对氟表面活性剂的表面活性有很大影响。在石蜡表面润湿性的规律为:TPHPFO>TEHPFO≈TMHPFO>>TBHPFO。全氟辛酸三甲/乙/丙铵水溶液的发泡力和泡沫稳定度随着反离子增大而增强,说明反离子的碳氢链在表面吸附层的插入更利于发泡及泡沫稳定。TBHPFO受溶解度的限制导致表面活性相对较低,起泡性和润湿性极差。Surface tension, foaming property and contact angle on the paraffin surface for aqueous solutions of trimethyl/ethyl/propyl/butylammonium perfluorooctanoate [ C7F15 COONH （CnH2n＋1）3, n = 1, 2, 3, 4; hereinafter refer to as TMHPFO,TEHPFO, TPHPFO, TBHPFO, respectively ] were measured to investigate the effects of trialkylammonium counterions on fluorinated surfactants. The surface tension test results showed that fluorinated surfactants exhibited significantly high surface activity when the counterions were trimethyl/ethyl/ propylammonium ions, whose surface activity was not only higher than common perfluorooctanoate salts （e. g. sodium perfluorooctanoate ） but also higher than previously reported perfluorooctanoate salts with tetraalkylammonium counterions. Such phenomenon indicates that a small change in the structure of counterions will significantly influence the surface activity of fluorinated surfactants. The wettability on paraffin surface decreased in accordance with the sequence ： TPHPFO 〉 TEHPFO ≈ TMHPFO 〉〉 TBHPFO. The foaming power and foam stability of trimethyl/ethyL/propylammonium perfluorooctanoate increases as the size of the counterion increases, which indicates that the insert of the counterions into the surface adsorbed layer is favorable for the foaming power and foam stability. TBHPFO showed relatively low surface activity, poor foaming power and wettability due to its limited solubility.

关 键 词：氟表面活性剂 反离子 表面活性 润湿性能 泡沫性能 

分 类 号：TQ423.4[化学工程]