不同大豆品种对根际土壤微生物群落影响的差异  

Differential responses of rhizosphere microbial communities to the planting of different soybean varieties

作　　者：钱秋平 杨统一[2] 程林润 李永春[2] 戚金亮[2] 杨永华[2] 

机构地区：[1]金华市农业科学研究院,浙江金华321017 [2]南京大学-南京林业大学植物分子生物学联合研究所,江苏南京210093

出　　处：《南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）》2010年第5期1-6,共6页Journal of Nanjing Forestry University：Natural Sciences Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40771107;30971871;40371071);教育部重大项目培育基金项目(707027)

摘　　要：采用磷脂脂肪酸(phospholipid fatty acid,PLFA)分析法研究4个大豆品种(台湾75、中黄42、春丰早和六月半)对根际土壤微生物区系的影响。结果发现:尽管不同大豆品种在红壤(黄筋泥土)中的生物量和产量差别很大,但对根际土壤好氧菌、厌氧菌、革兰氏阴性菌、革兰氏阳性菌、放线菌和原生动物的影响不大;六月半品种显著影响根际土壤真菌PLFA总量,改变了细菌/真菌的比值;与六月半相比,春丰早显著增加了根际微生物群落的多样性、群落的优势种群和均匀度;中黄42显著提高了根际微生物群落优势种群的丰富度;中黄42和台湾75对根际土壤微生物Shannon均匀度的影响也有显著差异;但是4种大豆品种对根际土壤微生物群落的McIn-tosh和Gini多样性指数没有显著影响。主成分分析结果表明,六月半和中黄42品种对根际微生物的影响差异明显,而春丰早和台湾75变化相近,差异不明显。The effects of the planting of four soybean varieties （Taiwan 75,Zhonghuang 42,Chunfengzao and Liuyueban） on rhizosphere microbial communities were studied by using phospholipid fatty acid analysis （ PLFA） . The results showed that the soybean varieties in acidic soil had no significant effects on the microbial community diversity,such as aerobic bacteria,anaerobic bacteria,Gram-negative bacteria,Gram-positive bacteria,actinomycetes and protozoa,except the impact of the Liuyueban on fungi and the ratio of bacteria/fungi,although they showed obvious differences in the biomass and yield. Compared with the Liuyueban,the Chunfengzao had significantly increased rhizosphere microbial community diversity,and improved the dominant species and evenness. The Zhonghuang 42 had significantly increased the richness of dominant species,and had also a significant difference with Taiwan 75 in Shannon evenness. However, the four genotypes of soybean had no significant effects on McIntosh and Gini indices. Further,principal component analysis （ PCA） showed that the Liuyueban and Zhonghuang 42 had significantly different effects on rhizosphere microbes,while the Chunfengzao and Taiwan 75 had a similar effect on the microbial community. These results facilitate our understanding about the interaction between soybean varieties and rhizosphere microbial communities in acidic soil.

关 键 词：大豆 根际微生物 红壤 磷脂脂肪酸 

分 类 号：S764[农业科学—森林保护学]