福建花生测土配方施肥指标体系研究  

Soil testing and formula fertilization index for peanut in Fujian province

作　　者：颜明娟[1] 章明清[1] 李娟[1] 孔庆波[1] 林琼[1] 姚宝全 

机构地区：[1]福建省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所,福建福州350013 [2]福建省农田建设土壤肥料技术推广总站,福建福州350003

出　　处：《中国油料作物学报》2010年第3期424-430,共7页Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences

基　　金：国际植物营养研究所(IPNI)合作项目(Fujian-13);国家测土配方施肥补贴项目(2005-2008)

摘　　要：根据近年来在闽东南花生主产区完成的氮磷钾肥效试验结果,建立花生测土配方施肥指标体系,包括花生施肥效应和目标产量的确定及土壤肥力分级、土壤速效氮磷钾丰缺指标、不同产量水平的氮磷钾最佳用量和比例、土测值与最佳施肥量关系式以及施肥时期和施肥方法等5个方面内容。结果表明,花生施用氮磷钾的平均增产效果是N>K>P;花生种植地土壤肥力分为"高"、"中"和"低"3个等级;土壤碱解氮、O lsen-P和速效钾的高产临界指标分别为136mg/kg、21mg/kg和90mg/kg;花生平均经济施肥量是N 98kg/hm2、P2O555kg/hm2、K2O 103kg/hm2,氮磷钾比例为1∶0.56∶1.05,但不同土壤肥力等级的推荐施肥量存在较大差异;建立了土测值与最佳施肥量之间的指数回归方程式,实现了根据土测值预测具体地块推荐施肥量的目的。Based on fertilizer response in field experiments on peanut in southeast Fujian in recent years,soil testing and formula fertilization index for peanut in Fujian province was set up.The index included 5 following： fertilization response and soil fertility grading,soil available N,P and K index,NPK optimum application rate and their proportion in different yield levels,relationship between testing value of soil available NPK and their optimum application rate,fertilization time and method.Results showed that after applying NPK fertilizers,peanut yield increased and the effect of the fertilizers was NKP.The soil fertility levels in the peanut field could be divided into three categories：high,medium and low.High yield critical value of soil alkali-hydrolyzable N,Olsen-P and available K were 136mg/kg,21mg/kg and 90mg/kg respectively.Economic fertilization on peanut were N 98 kg/hm2,P2O5 55 kg/hm2and K2O 103 kg/hm2 on average respectively,and their proportion was 1∶0.56∶1.05.But fertilization recommendation were different for different soil fertility levels.Regression equations between soil testing and optimum application rate of N,P,K were established respectively.Soil testing provided guidance for fertilization recommendation for specific soil.

关 键 词：花生 临界指标 推荐施肥 

分 类 号：S565.206[农业科学—作物学]