美国大众体育管理方式管窥  

Peeking into the modes of management of mass sports in the United States

作　　者：周兰君[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]华南师范大学体育科学学院,广东广州510006 [2]广州体育学院休闲体育与管理系,广东广州510500

出　　处：《体育学刊》2010年第9期45-49,共5页Journal of Physical Education

基　　金：2007年国家留学基金"中美联合培养博士生"项目(2007844044)

摘　　要：运用文献资料从联邦政府层面,管窥美国大众体育管理方式:美国联邦政府主要有12个部门参与管理体育事务,8个部门与大众体育相关,其中6个部门负责修建与维护公共运动休闲场地设施,1个部门(卫生与公共事业部)制定大众健康政策和体育活动评价标准,1个部门(总统体育与体育委员会)属专家咨询机构。研究认为:自20世纪30年代以来,美国政府在运动休闲场地的建造与维护方面进行了卓有成效的工作,为大众休闲运动提供了较为充足的场地设施。然而,其固有的社会管理体制,使得联邦政府制定的大众健康政策对州政府缺乏强制力,制约了《健康公民2000》、《健康公民2010》制定的大众体育目标的实现。美国联邦政府对大众体育的管理方式,给了我国大众体育管理有益启示。From the perspective of the federal government,by means of literature data analysis,the author peeked into the modes of management of mass sports in the United States： the federal government of the United States mainly has 12 departments for managing sports affairs,8 of which are related to mass sports,including 6 departments responsible for repairing and maintaining public sports leisure venues and facilities,1 department（Health and Public Service Department） responsible for establishing mass health policies and sports activity evaluation standards,and 1 department（President Sports and Sports Committee） functioning as an expert consulting institution.Via study the author put forward following opinions： since the 1930s,the US government has done fruitful jobs in the construction and mainte-nance of sports leisure venues,and provided mass sports leisure with sufficient venues and facilities;however,its intrinsic social management system have resulted in the lack of coercive power of mass health policies established by the federal government over state governments,and restrained the realization of mass sports goals set by the Healthy Citizens 2000 and Healthy Citizens 2010;the modes of management of mass sports by the federal government of the United States provide conducive inspirations for mass sports management in China.

关 键 词：体育管理学 联邦政府 大众体育 美国 

分 类 号：G80-05[文化科学—运动人体科学]