膨润土的Zeta电位及其电性转变  

Zeta Potential and Electric Nature Transformation of Bentonite

作　　者：梅宏[1] 杨鸿剑 张克勤[2] 

机构地区：[1]新疆石油学院 [2]石油勘探开发研究院

出　　处：《钻井液与完井液》2010年第5期1-4,共4页Drilling Fluid & Completion Fluid

基　　金：中国石油天然气集团公司创新基金项目"‘零电位'水基钻井液研究"(2008D-5006-03-01)资助

摘　　要：测定了几种不同黏土、钻屑的ζ电位,得到的结果表明钻井液用商品土的负ζ电位远大于岩屑的负ζ电位。但对其以不同的方法进行化学改性处理后,其表面电性会发生变化,可以达到"零电位"或正电位状态,如低价无机离子和非离子聚合物可使钠基膨润土的负电性降低,但不能使ζ电位由负值转变为正值;有机阳离子聚合物在加量很少的情况下,就可使膨润土由带负电转变为带正电;高价的无机Al^(3+)离子对膨润土具有特性吸附效果;MMH正电胶与膨润土颗粒以复合体的形式使膨润土电性发生转变;非离子高分子量聚合物通过与其极性水分子吸附在一起形成的电偶极子,使聚合物分子能够穿过双电层的外层,中和黏土颗粒表面的负电荷。Several kinds of bentonite and cuttingsξpotentials are tested,and the results show that the bentonite's negativeζpotential is much higher than the cuttings.After some chemical modifications to the bentonite,the surface potential is changed to the zero potential or positive potential.From the laboratory experiments,some conclusions can be generalized as following:the low-valence inorganic ion and non-ionic polymer can decrease the negative potential of the bentonite but cannot transform the negative to positive;a bit of organic cation can transform the negative to positive;Al^(3+) has the adsorption effect to the bentonite;MMH and bentonite particle can form composite that can transform the potential of bentonite;nonionic polymer and water molecular can form electric doublet that can make polymer molecular penetrate the outer layer of the double-electrode-layer to neutralize the negative charge on the surface of bentonite.

关 键 词：膨润土 改性 ZETA电位 零电位 

分 类 号：TE254.4[石油与天然气工程—油气井工程]