治理出生性别比失调公共政策的困境与“帕累托改进”路径  

The Dilemma of Public Policies on Normalizing Imbalanced Sex Ratio at Birth and "Pareto Improvement" Path

作　　者：吴帆[1] 

机构地区：[1]南开大学,天津300071

出　　处：《人口研究》2010年第5期93-103,共11页Population Research

摘　　要：文章以集体理性与个体理性、集体行为与个体行为的关系为分析视角,根据个体行为模式理论分析框架,以我国政府治理出生性别比失调的34项公共政策为例,运用内容分析法,从个体行为层次的结构,即认知或态度维度、情感维度、行为意向维度,来分析相关公共政策在个体层面上的体现、功能与效果,发现目前治理出生性别比失调的公共政策基本涵盖个体行为层次的不同维度、初步形成个体行为改变引导机制,但存在影响程度不均衡、动力不足和途径单一等问题。在此基础上,文章探索符合个体生育行为改变机理、促进出生性别比正常化的公共政策"帕累托改进"的路径,提出应该进一步将公共政策体系的基点从"控制导向"转变为"支持导向"。From the perspective of the relationship between collective rationality and individual rationality, and collective behavior and individual behavior, this paper takes China＇ s ：34 public policies on governing imbalanced sex ratio at birth（SRB） as examples to analyze public policy＇s expression, functions and effects at the individual level. The analysis is done based on the theoretical framework of individual behavior pattern and using content analysis method, and it involves in individual behav- ior, including dimensions of cognition or aMitude, emotion and behavioral intentions. Analytical results indicate that current public policies cover different dimensions of individual behaviors and shape guiding mechanism for individual behavior changes, but with imbalanced impacts and shortage of motions and influential channels. Furthermore, the paper explores the ＂Pareto improvement＂ path of individual reproductive behavior changes in line with the public policy mechanism to promote the normalization of high SRB, proposes public policy basis should be changed from ＂controlorientation＂ to ＂support - orientation＂.

关 键 词：出生性别比 公共政策 集体理性 个体理性 帕累托改进 

分 类 号：C924.2[社会学—人口学]