黑河流域荒漠区降水格局及其脉动特征  

Rainfall patterns and pulse characteristics in desert regions of the Heihe River basin

作　　者：刘冰[1,2] 常学向[1,2] 李守波 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所临泽内陆河流域研究站 [2]内陆河流域生态水文重点实验室,兰州73000

出　　处：《生态学报》2010年第19期5194-5199,共6页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30771767;40771079;40930634)

摘　　要：利用1967—2008年日降水资料,对黑河流域荒漠区降水格局及其脉动特征进行系统研究。结果表明:年均降水量为113.3mm,年际变化27.93%,降水呈平稳下降趋势。小降水事件(≤5mm)为主,年际变化较小。大降水事件(≥10mm)频率较低,但年际变化及其对年降水量的贡献较大。降水日期以≤5mmd-1为主,≥10mmd-1变异较大。<10d间隔期所占比率最大,频率基本稳定(CV=18.29%),而>10d间隔期变异较大(CV=27.21%)。年降水量与降水事件、降水期、<10d间隔期以及总降水间隔期存在显著正相关性。≤5mm降水总量变异系数为24.57%,接近年降水量(27.93%),>10mm变异系数为76.68%,表明大降水事件在不同年份的差异是降水总量和降水格局差异的主要原因。Rainfall data were collected to systematic study rainfall patterns and pulse characteristics from 1967 to 2008 in desert regions of the Heihe River basin.The results showed that the annual rainfall averaged 113.3 mm and the interannual variability accounted for 27.93% of the annual rainfall that were described as a downward trend.The majority of rainfall events were characteristic by ≤5 mm,and the interannual variability were relative small.Large rainfall events（≥10 mm）were infrequent but the interannual variability was wide comparatively.Rainfall date of ≤ 5 mm d-1 were the most common,whereas the date of ≥10 mm d-1 varied widely.Inter-rainfall period of 10 d accounted for the most proportion and the variability were relative small（CV=18.29%）,whereas the variability of 10 d were relative large（CV=27.21%）.Annual rainfall were significantly positively correlated with rainfall events,rainfall period,10 d inter-rainfall period and total inter-rainfall period.The variation coefficient of ≤5 mm were 24.57% and approached to that of annual rainfall（27.93%）,whereas 10 mm were 76.68%,which indicated that the interannual variability of large rainfall events were mainly resulted in the difference of annual rainfall and rainfall pattern.

关 键 词：荒漠区 降水脉动 降水事件 降水日期 降水间隔期 

分 类 号：P426.6[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]