夏金脐橙落花落果规律研究  

Study on Flower and Fruit Drop of Summergold Navel Orange

作　　者：区善汉 王明召 莫健生 张社南 

机构地区：[1]广西柑桔研究所,桂林541004

出　　处：《中国南方果树》2010年第5期1-3,7,共4页South China Fruits

基　　金：广西科技攻关项目(桂科攻0632001-2G)资助

摘　　要：脐橙落花落果严重,着果率较低,保花保果的成败是脐橙高产的关键。对夏金脐橙的落花落果进行了观察。结果表明,不同年份夏金脐橙落蕾落花的开始时间和高峰期不同,落蕾落花高峰期一般出现在落蕾落花开始后的4-5天，2008年集中在4月中旬初,2009年在3月下旬末;4月21日开始第一次生理落果,持续35天左右,于5月底结束,4月底至5月初出现落果高峰;落花结束后15-16天,于5月上旬出现第二次生理落果,5月中旬出现落果高峰期,不同年份落果持续时间有别;落蕾落花数量超过生理落花落果总数的60%,第一次生理落果所占比例也较高,第二次生理落果所占比例最小,稳定在3.0%左右;夏金脐橙着果率1.65%,脐黄率29.4%,裂果率2.4%。Navel oranges tend to drop fruitlets excessively, and require fruit drop prevention measures to achieve satisfactory yields. Young fruitlet drop of summergold navel orange trees were investigated during 2008 and 2009. The results showed that the peak of flower drop occurred 4-5 days following the initiation of flower drop and the exact peak dates varied from year to year with mid April in 2009 and late march in 2008. The first physiological fruit drop started on April 21, and lasted for about 35 d and ended at the end of May with the peak frnitlet drop occurring from end of April to early May. The second physiological fruit drop appeared in the early of May, 15-16d after flower drop, with the peak in the middle of May. Fruit drop duration varied from year to year. The number of flower drop accounted for 60% of the total flower and fruitlet drops, followed by the first physiological fruit drop, and that of the second physiological fruit drop was the least, accounting for 3. 0%. The final fruit set rate of summergold naval orange was 1. 65%. The rates for navel yellowing and fruit splitting were 29. 4% and 2. 4%, respectively.

关 键 词：夏金脐橙 落蕾落花 生理落果 脐黄 裂果 

分 类 号：S666.4[农业科学—果树学]