黄土丘陵区土壤养分对不同植被恢复方式的响应  

The Responses of Soil Nutrients to Different Restoration Approaches

作　　者：闫玉厚[1] 曹炜[2] 

机构地区：[1]商洛学院城乡发展与管理工程系,陕西商洛726000 [2]黄河水土保持生态环境监测中心,西安710021

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2010年第5期51-53,58,共4页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：中国科学院"西部之光"人才培养计划项目(2009y236)

摘　　要：土壤是生态系统中的重要组成部分,是植物群落发育演化的重要物质基础。研究土壤养分对不同植被恢复方式的响应规律,对于采取合理的不同植被恢复方式以加快植被恢复重建具有重要意义。本文对黄土丘陵区自然恢复与人工恢复两种不同方式下的土壤养分变化规律进行,结果表明,在退耕6 a左右,在0-60 cm土壤垂直剖面中,人工植被的土壤有机质、全N、有效N和速效K等含量均大于自然恢复植被的土壤养分含量;但全P含量和速效P含量则较自然植被低;退耕20 a左右,当植被恢复到20 a左右,人工植被群落的土壤养分含量则逐渐降低,两者差距逐渐缩小,人工植被的土壤有机质含量甚至低于自然植被。土壤养分的这种变化规律,对采取合理的调控措施可提供重要依据,如在植被初期,可利用人工植被较高的生物产量,快速积累土壤养分,在人工植被恢复后期,则可通过林分的近自然林改造,将其逐渐改变为近自然林或自然植被,从而加快植被恢复进程。Soil is an integral part of ecosystems and also is the basis for vegetation succession and development.Detecting the response of soil nutrients to different restoration approaches can be of great importance to restoration planning.The present study compared the difference of soil nutrients between natural and artificial vegetations under different succession stages.The results showed that the soil nutrients such as organic matter,total and nitrate available and available potassium in artificial vegetations was higher than that in natural vegetations with exceptions to total and available phosphorus after 6 years.However,after 20 years,the differences of soil nutrients between the two approaches became narrower,and the soil organic matter in natural vegetations even higher than that in artificial vegetations.This conclusion has great implications on the restoration planning.For example,we can use the artificial vegetation to accumulate the nutrients quickly and improve the soil fertility,and then introduce the zonal species to manage these artificial vegetations.

关 键 词：土壤养分 植被恢复方式 恢复年限 

分 类 号：S153.61[农业科学—土壤学] X171.1[农业科学—农业基础科学]