近200年来额济纳绿洲土地荒漠化进程及其驱动机制  

Study of Land Desertification and Its Driving Mechanism in Ejina Oasis During Recent 200 Years

作　　者：马燕[1,2] 李志萍[2] 曹希强[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学水资源与环境学院,北京100083 [2]华北水利水电学院资源与环境学院,郑州450011 [3]河南省国土资源科学研究院,郑州450053

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2010年第5期158-162,共5页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然基金项目(40772165)

摘　　要：20世纪50年代以来,额济纳地区生态环境不断恶化,引发众多学者对其环境变化及驱动机制进行研究。通过对黑河下游天鹅湖-2孔湖泊沉积柱状岩芯的多环境指标的分析,同时参照相关的历史文献记录,提取了其中包含的气候变化和人类活动信息。根据湖泊沉积记录与历史文献记录的对比研究,将额济纳地区近200 a环境演变分为7个阶段。近200 a来额济纳地区环境演变体现在两方面,一是水系变迁包括额济纳河的溯源退缩和尾闾湖泊的萎缩干涸;二是额济纳绿洲退缩,土地荒漠化加剧。影响该地区环境演变的主要因素包括气候变化和人类活动,在这两个因素的共同影响下,水环境的变化成为额济纳绿洲荒漠化发展的主要驱动力。Since the 1950s,the environment of Ejina Region has been deteriorating continually,which has become the study focus.In this study,based on the data of environmental multi-proxy of lake sediments from Tianehu-2 core in Tianehu Lake one of the tail-lakes of Heihe River,and comparative study with the historical document records,the contained information of climate changes and human activities is distilled.According to the results of comparative study between the information recorded by lake sediment and historical document records,evolvement of Ejina Oasis during recent 200 years is divided into 7 phases.Environmental evolution in Ejina Oasis during recent 200 years mainly embodies in two aspects.Firstly,drainage change includes processes of Ejina River shrinking with tracing to the sources and tail lakes drying out and shrinkage.Secondly,oasis desertification constantly increases.The drainage change caused by the interaction of climate changing and human activities has been considered as the driving mechanism of land desertification.

关 键 词：额济纳绿洲 荒漠化 驱动机制 

分 类 号：X37[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X171