中国草业教育发展史:4.少数民族草业教育  

History of pratacultural education in China:4.Pratacultural education for nationalities

作　　者：汪玺[1] 胡自治[1] 师尚礼[1] 张德罡[1] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学草业学院草业生态系统教育部重点实验室中-美草地畜牧业可持续发展研究中心,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《草原与草坪》2010年第4期1-7,共7页Grassland and Turf

摘　　要：中国少数民族草业教育在中华民国时期已有萌芽,1939年国立青海初级实用职业学校在青海贵德县成立,主要培养藏族学生,设有垦牧科,开设了牧草课。中华人民共和国建立以后,民族草业教育有了巨大的发展,全国各地的30个高等院校草业科学专业大部分都曾培养过少数民族的学生。根据培养少数民族学生较多的西部7所普通高等学校,北京林业大学(只包含博士研究生)和两所职业技术学院(含中专生)的统计,截止2008年,已培养出了31个少数民族草业科学本专科毕业生2 985名,高职和中职毕业生1 143名;授予了13个少数民族的98名研究生草业科学硕士学位和蒙古、回、朝鲜、哈萨克、达斡尔、仡佬和柯尔克孜7个少数民族的21名研究生草业科学博士学位;此外,还通过短训班培训了2 027名草业专业人员。少数民族草业教育取得这些巨大成绩的主要原因是党和国家关心和重视发展少数民族教育,贯彻执行了党的优惠和特殊的民族教育政策,根据少数民族特点,采取灵活多样的教学制度和教学方法等。The pratacultural education for nationalities in China was launched in the period of Republic of China,the state-run ＇ Qinghai Primary Practical Vocational School＇ was setup in 1939 in Guide County of Qinghai Province,where the courses regarding forage were provided and the students were mainly Tibetan.After the People＇s Republic of China was founded,the pratacultural education for nationalities was greatly developed.The minority students were trained in pratacultural science in 30 colleges or universities in China.Based on the statistical data from 7 universities located in the western part of China,Beijing Forestry University（only PhD students）and 2 vocational colleges（including diploma students）by 2008,totally 2985 minority bachelor students and 1 143 minority diploma students from 31 minorities graduated from pratacultural science program.93 minority students earned their master degree and 20 students from minorities of Mongol,Hui,Chaoxian,Kazak,Daur,Gelao and Kirgiz earned their PhD degree.Moreover,2027 trainees were trained in workshop.These achievements were reached because of the national special policies for minority,feasible education systems and proper teaching methods.

关 键 词：草业科学 少数民族教育史 本专科生 研究生 中国 

分 类 号：S812[农业科学—草业科学] G64[农业科学—畜牧学]