孕末期注射乙肝特免阻断乙肝母婴传播的实验研究  

Experimental epidemiological study on prevention of mother-to-infant transmission of hepatitis B by HBIG injection in pregnant women

作　　者：潘会明[1] 任群慧[2] 陈宏平[1] 汪玉纯[2] 姜长俊[2] 刘萍 李钰[2] 姚红[2] 

机构地区：[1]湖北省宜昌市疾病预防控制中心,湖北宜昌443000 [2]湖北省当阳市疾病预防控制中心,湖北当阳444100 [3]湖北省当阳市卫生局,湖北当阳444100

出　　处：《中国病原生物学杂志》2010年第9期663-664,688,共3页Journal of Pathogen Biology

摘　　要：目的应用乙肝疫苗和乙肝特异性免疫球蛋白(简称乙肝特免)阻断乙肝母婴传播,比较不同方法阻断效果,探索最佳乙肝母婴阻断方式。方法采取流行病学实验方法,在孕妇中筛选乙肝病毒感染者。将乙肝病毒感染母亲所生婴儿随机分组,A组母亲在孕末期使用乙肝特免,B组孕期不使用乙肝特免,两组婴儿出生后都按照国家免疫程序接种乙肝疫苗。两组婴儿在1岁和2岁时分别检测乙肝相关标志物,2岁时检测为HBsAg阳性者,在3岁采学检测HB-sAg盒HBV DNA检测,都为阳性者判定乙肝病毒感染。结果 128名婴儿完成了实验,母亲孕末期使用乙肝特免的婴儿和没有使用的婴儿都有乙肝病毒感染,分别占3.57%(1/28)和3.00%(3/100)。接种疫苗的儿童1岁时抗体阳转率为97.66%。结论母亲孕末期使用乙肝特免和没有使用乙肝特免的婴儿感染乙肝的几率相近。孕末期注射乙肝特免阻断乙肝母婴传播意义不大。但乙肝疫苗预防接种效果显著。Objective To compare the effects of blocking hepatitis B virus infection from mother to infant by hepatitis B vaccine and hepatitis B immune globulin （HBIG） and to explore the optimal method of blocking ruother-to-child transmission. Methods Experimental epidemiology was used in the study. Infants whose mothers had hepatitis B virus infection were randomly divided into two groups, group A and group B. Hepatitis B immune globulin was injected into the body of mothers in group A during the final stage of pregnancy and was not injected into mothers in group B. Infants of the two groups were vaccinated according to the vaccine immunization schedule for the expanded program on immunization （EPI） in China. HBV markers were detected in children of mothers in the two groups at the ages of one and two, respectively, to determine the state of HBV infection. Results A total of 128 infants were tested. Individuals infected with HBV ac- counted for 1/28th of group A and 3/100th of group B. The seroconversion rate was 97.66 ~ for children one year of age. Conclusion The rates of infection among children infected with HBV were similar for the two groups of mothers. Vacci- nation with HBIG had little significance in blocking mother to-child transmission during pregnancy but vaccination with hepatitis B vaccine did have a marked effect.

关 键 词：乙肝 乙肝免疫球蛋白 乙肝疫苗 母婴传播 实验研究 

分 类 号：R373.21[医药卫生—病原生物学]