降雨-土壤-径流系统中氮磷的迁移  

Transport of Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Rainfall-Soil-Runoff Interaction System

作　　者：杨育红[1,2] 阎百兴[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所/湿地生态与环境重点实验室,长春130012 [2]华北水利水电学院/水利学院,郑州450011

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2010年第5期27-30,58,共5页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2007CB407205);中国科学院知识创新项目(KSCX1-YW-09-13)

摘　　要：农田地表径流形成的面源污染是影响饮用水源地水质安全的主要污染源。降雨输入、土壤溶质迁移和地表径流输出三者相互作用,决定着农田面源污染负荷的产生。通过设置移动小区,收集和监测次降雨事件中的地表径流、土壤溶质迁移,研究面源污染负荷中降雨氮磷和土壤溶质输入负荷和比例。结果显示,随雨水输入径流的DTN、DTP负荷占径流DTN、DTP负荷的58%和67%;由降雨带到陆地生态系统的N、P主要通过径流输入到其它系统中,但径流NO3--N负荷主要来自土壤溶解态NO3--N向径流的溶出迁移;计算降雨-地表径流-土壤溶质的相互作用深度,简化了小流域面源污染负荷量化过程,为制定小流域面源污染防治规划提供理论指导。Diffuse pollution from surface runoff in slope cropland is the key source impacting drinking water quality.Rainfall,soil and runoff are interacted during the process of diffuse pollution yield.Runoff and soil solute transport in rain events were collected and monitored by movable plots.The diffuse pollution loads were obtained.The contributions of rainfall and soil solute showed that dissolved total nitrogen and phosphorus loads from rainfall accounted for 58% and 67% of dissolved total nitrogen and phosphorus in runoff,respectively.Nitrogen and phosphorus from rainfall was delivered by surface runoff to other systems.However,nitrate in runoff resulted from soil dissolved nitrogen transport.The interacting depth of rainfall-runoff-soil solute simplified the process of quantifyiog diffuse pollution loads in small watershed.It helps to make pollution control plan for improving water quality.

关 键 词：溶解态氮磷 相互作用深度 面源污染 小流域 

分 类 号：S153.6[农业科学—土壤学]