渝西丘陵区土地利用方式、景观位置对土壤养分的影响  

Effects of Land Use and Landscape Position on Soil Nutrient in Hilly Region of Chongqing West

作　　者：蒲玉琳[1,2] 谢德体[1] 屈明[1] 杨剑虹[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南大学资源环境学院,重庆北碚400716 [2]四川农业大学都江堰校区,四川都江堰611830

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2010年第5期35-39,78,共6页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2007BAD87B10)

摘　　要：运用实地调查与数理统计分析方法,研究了渝西丘陵区土地利用方式、景观位置对土壤有机质和氮磷钾养分的影响。结果表明,水田耕层土壤有机质、氮素和全钾含量显著高于旱作地类,菜地耕层土壤有效磷含量显著高于其他地类,各地类耕层土壤的全磷和速效钾含量无显著差异。不同景观位置下的耕层土壤有机质和氮素含量按冲沟、坡脚、平坝、坡腰、坡顶的顺序明显减少;全钾按冲沟、坡腰、坡顶、坡脚、平坝的顺序明显减少;坡脚、坡腰、冲沟部位耕层土壤速效钾显著高于坡顶、平坝;平坝、坡脚、坡腰部位耕层土壤有效磷显著高于冲沟、坡顶;各景观位置的耕层土壤全磷含量无显著差异。不同土地利用方式的土壤有机质和速效钾含量的剖面变化强弱程度是,园地>菜地>旱地;有效氮、磷则是菜地>>园地>旱地。不同景观位置的土壤有机质含量的剖面变化强弱程度为,平坝>坡脚>坡腰>坡顶;有效氮,平坝>坡脚>坡腰≈坡顶;有效磷,平坝>>坡脚>坡腰≈坡顶;速效钾,坡顶>坡脚>坡腰>平坝。Effects of land use and landscape position on soil organic matter （OM） and nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium nutrients（including total nitrogen（TN）,total phosphorus（TP）,total potassium（TK）,available nitrogen（AN）,available phosphorus（AP）,available potassium（AK）） were studied by investigating and mathematical statistical analysis methods in hilly region of Chongqing west.The result showed that topsoil OM,TN,AN and TK of paddy are significantly higher than those of dry farming land （including upland,vegetable land and garden land） topsoil;Topsoil AP of vegetable land is significantly higher than that of paddy,upland and garden land topsoil.Topsoil TP and AK for different land-use types don’t exist significant difference.Topsoil OM,TN and AN for different landscape position obviously decrease in sequence from gully,lower slope,flat,midslope to topslope;Soil TK obviously decrease in sequence from gully,midslope,topslope,lower slope to flat.Soil AK for lower slope,midslope and gully topsoil is significantly higher topslope and flat;Soil AP for flat,lower slope and midslope gully topsoil is significantly higher gully and topslope;Soil TP for different landscape position don’t exist significant difference.The intense degree of profile change of soil OM and AK content for different land-use types follow the order： garden landvegetable landupland;That of soil AN and AP follow the order： vegetable landgarden landupland.The intense degree of profile change of soil OM content for different landscape position follow the order： flatlower slopemidslopetopslope;That of AN follow the order： flatlower slopemidslope≈topslope;That of AP follow the order：flatlower slopemidslope≈topslope;That of AK follow the order： topslopelower slopemidslopeflat。

关 键 词：渝西丘陵区 土地利用方式 景观位置 土壤养分 土壤剖面 

分 类 号：S158.3[农业科学—土壤学]