青海湖西侧石乃亥附近土壤水分研究  

Soil Water Environment near Shinaihai in the West of Qinghai Lake

作　　者：赵景波[1,2] 曹军骥[2] 孟静静[1] 侯雨乐[1] 胡建[1] 

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学旅游与环境学院,西安710062 [2]中国科学院地球环境研究所黄土与第四纪地质国家重点实验室,西安710075

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2010年第5期114-119,125,共7页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2007BAC30B01)

摘　　要：通过对青海湖西侧石乃亥乡土壤的打钻取样、颗粒分析以及含水量的测定,研究了土壤含水量变化特点、土壤干层与土壤水库等问题。结果表明,青海湖西侧土壤剖面水分分布特殊,含水量变化范围很大,上部0.6m深度范围内水分丰富,并有较多重力水存在,这是2009年该区降水量明显增加造成的。土壤0.6m深度以下含水量较低,有些剖面有轻度干层和中度干层发育,代表了正常年土壤水分含量特点。青海湖西侧土壤主要为粉砂土,土层厚度较小,土壤蓄水量较少,土壤水库的调蓄功能较差,在干旱年易于出现土壤缺水。研究得出,该区适于发展耗水少的草原植被和消耗水分少的农作物,不适于发展人工林。青海湖西侧在丰水年土壤上部水分尚未达到饱和状态,正常年降水量较少,该区大气降水通过土壤径流和地表径流补给湖水的可能性很小。According to drilling through soil sampling,particle analysis and determination of water content,we study the changes of soil moisture,soil dry layer and soil reservoirs and other issues at Shinaihai in the west of Qinghai Lake.The results indicate that soil moisture distribution is special and water content varies greatly.The precipitation increases greatly in this area in 2009,so 0.6 m depth of water is rich within the upper part and there is more gravity water.Because of the lower water content of soil below the depth of 0.6 m,there is often the development of mild and moderate dry layer in some sections.This represents the normal water content in soil characteristics.The soil is predominantly silty sand in the west of Qinghai Lake.Because the thickness of soil is thinner and less soil water storage,the soil reservoir capacity is less soil moisture.Therefore,it is easy to emerge soil water deficit in dry years.The results show that this area is suitable for developing grassland vegetation and crops which consume less water,not suitable for the development of plantations.The upper soil moisture has not yet reached saturation in the wet years in the west of Qinghai Lake.In addition,the precipitation is less in normal year and heavy rain and storm is rare in the area,so it is impossible of precipitation to supply lake through soil and surface runoff.

关 键 词：土壤含水量 土壤干层 土壤水库 丰水年 青海湖 

分 类 号：S152.7[农业科学—土壤学]