1990-2003年中国外联型城市化的时空演变特征——城市地理时段性统计模拟分析方法的一个案例  

Spatio-Temporal Evolution and Geographical Features of Exo-Urbanization in China

作　　者：陈彦光[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学城市与环境学院,北京100871

出　　处：《信阳师范学院学报（自然科学版）》2010年第4期530-536,共7页Journal of Xinyang Normal University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家科技部科技基础工作专项重点资助项目(2007FY140800);国家自然科学基金项目(40771061)

摘　　要：借助统计模拟技术和异速分析方法研究1990-2003年间外资影响中国城市化进程的时空效应,发现改革开放以来跨国公司(TNCs)对华FDI过程主要作用于广州、江苏等东南沿海地区,中西部的少数省份也受到不同程度的影响,但东北和华北地区的城市化与FDI总体上没有明确的统计关系.随着国家发展战略的调整和区域产业的升级,外资对中国城市化的影响会发生时空变异.FDI活动的中心已从珠江三角洲向长江三角洲转移,江苏在逐步取代广东成为中国外联型城市化的重心地域.外联型城市化与自下而上型城市化过程协同作用,形成两类地理空间标志:一是城乡混合带,二是突发城市.代表性的突发城市是广东的东莞和江苏的苏州,它们都具有中国特色,与沿海的重要国际化都市毗邻.Allometric analysis and statistical simulation are employed to study how trans-national corporations（TNCs）use foreign direct investment（FDI）to influence local economic development and urbanization process of China.It is found that exo-urbanization takes place chiefly in the coastal regions in southeast China,including Guangdong,Jiangsu,Fujian,Zhejiang,and Shanghai,where flows of FDI are much abundant than those in backland.Urbanization of some provinces in upcountry such as Hubei,Xinjiang,etc.is also affected by foreign investment to some extent.However,as a whole,the regions in North China and Northeast China hardly show clear statistical relationships between FDI and urbanization.The focus of FDI in China is transferring from the Pearl River delta to the Changjiang River delta,and Jiangsu becomes a new center of FDI activity in place of Guangdong.In reality,exo-urbanization characterized by Sit and Yung（1997）is always combining with urbanization from below characterized by Cui and Ma（1999）.The geographical features/signatures of the two urbanization processes are desakota and shock cities.The typical shock cities are Dongguan of Guangdong in the Pearl River delta and Suzhou of Jiangsu in the Changjiang River delta.Both shock cities are close to international cities and grow very rapidly.The negative but indirect aftereffects of exo-urbanization are China-type ＂enclosure movement＂ and ＂city-making movement＂,which come to front and attract people＇s attention these years.

关 键 词：外联型城市化 城乡混合带 突发城市 异速生长 城市变化 中国城市 

分 类 号：K928[历史地理—人文地理学]