试析英国全国煤矿工人工会在1984-1985年罢工中失败的原因  

Research on the Failure of Strikes of British National Union of Mineworkers in 1984-1985

作　　者：高麦爱[1,2] 陈晓律[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京大学历史系 [2]江苏淮阴师范学院

出　　处：《世界历史》2010年第5期53-63,共11页World History

基　　金：南京大学研究生科研创新基金项目的阶段性成果,项目编号:2010CW05

摘　　要：英国全国煤矿工人工会曾是英国历史上势力强大的工会之一,它领导的矿工罢工运动曾给英国社会以极大影响,20世纪70年代,英国政府的轮番倒台均与此有关。然而,就是这样一个力量雄厚的工会,在1984—1985年的罢工运动中却被撒切尔政府击败。导致这种结局产生的不是单一因素,而是英国煤炭业的发展趋势、英国全国煤矿工人工会内部的分裂、工会领导人的策略、英国的社会局势、英国在外交上的胜利,以及英国政府的工业政策、撒切尔个人对英国全国煤矿工人工会的态度等一系列因素交会作用的结果。其中的经验教训值得深入探讨。The National Union of Mineworkers was one of the strongest unions in Britain. The miners' strikes led by the National Union of Mineworkers brought about serious social troubles. British governments were toppled over by the Union in the 1970s. But this Union was defeated in the strike of 1984-1985 by the Thatcher Government. Several facts caused its defeat,such as the development of British coal industry,the split of the National Union of Mineworkers,the strategy of its leaders,the social condition of Britain,the diplomatic victory of Britain,the industrial policy of the Thatcher Government,and Margaret Thatcher's personal attitude to the National Union of Mineworkers. It is worth examining and analysing the experience and lessons from the strike.

关 键 词：英国全国煤矿工人工会 玛格丽特·撒切尔 亚瑟·斯噶盖尔 私有化 

分 类 号：K561[历史地理—历史学]