南昌市鼠类种群分布及主要鼠传疾病发生风险的关系研究  

Relationship between rodent population distribution and risks of major rodent-borne diseases in Nanchang

作　　者：马红梅[1] 陈海婴[1] 柳小青[1] 郭学俭[1] 

机构地区：[1]南昌市疾病预防控制中心消毒与病媒生物防制科,江西南昌330038

出　　处：《中国媒介生物学及控制杂志》2010年第5期450-453,共4页Chinese Journal of Vector Biology and Control

摘　　要：目的了解南昌市不同生境的鼠密度及主要鼠传疾病流行情况,并对鼠传疾病发生的风险进行评估。方法鼠种调查采用夹夜法,主要鼠传疾病资料来自传染病疫情报告系统;风险评估采用风险评价指数矩阵法。结果 2006-2008年南昌市平均鼠密度为1.03%,褐家鼠为优势种,占52.55%;其次为小家鼠和黄胸鼠,分别占18.88%和17.35%。3种生境中以农村自然村鼠密度最高,达1.83%;其次是特殊行业,为0.89%;居民区最低,为0.56%。2006-2008年南昌市肾综合征出血热(HFRS)的年平均发病率为0.68/10万,3年未见人间鼠疫及鼠间疫情,未来HFRS在南昌市发生的风险为很有可能,鼠疫为有可能发生。结论科学的风险评估体系,有助于预测疾病发生的风险。Objective To investigate the rat density in different habitats and the prevalence of major rodent-borne diseases in Nanchang, and to assess the risks of occurrence of rodent-borne diseases. Methods The rodent species was measured using night traps, and data on major rodent-borne diseases were retrieved from the information reporting system for infectious diseases. Risk assessment was completed using the risk assessment matrix. Results From 2006 to 2008, the average density of rats was 1.03% in Nanchang. Rattus norvegicus was the predominant species, accounting for 52.55%, followed by Mus musculus and R. tanezumi, accounting for 18.88% and 17.35%, respectively. The highest rat density, 1.83%, was observed in natural villages of rural areas among the 3 habitats, followed by that in special sectors, 0.89%; and the lowest, 0.56%, was in residential lots. The average incidence of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome （HFRS） was 0.68/105 in Nanchang from 2006 to 2008, without human or rodent plague outbreaks in 3 consecutive years. As for the future risk, HFRS occurrence was highly likely in Nanchang, and plague occurrence was possible. Conclusion A scientific risk assessment system may help to predict the risk of disease occurrence.

关 键 词：鼠类 种群分布 鼠传疾病 风险 

分 类 号：S443[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治] R183[农业科学—植物保护]