重症监护病房医院感染监测分析  

Nosocomial Infection Monitoring in ICU

作　　者：金晓冰[1,2] 邓敏[1] 邹俊宁[1] 江新姣[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学同济医学院附属协和医院感染管理科,湖北武汉430030 [2]鄂州市中心医院感染管理科,湖北鄂州436000

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2010年第21期3298-3300,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

摘　　要：目的了解重症监护病房(ICU)患者医院感染常见部位及病原体分布情况,以制定有效预防控制措施。方法分析2008年1月-2009年6月入住ICU 405例患者中发生医院感染患者临床资料。结果共有100例患者发生医院感染,感染率24.69%,医院感染165例次,例次感染率40.74%,感染部位以下呼吸道最高;检出病原菌161株,常见病原菌为鲍氏不动杆菌29.19%,白色假丝酵母菌11.80%,铜绿假单胞菌8.70%,嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌6.83%,金黄色葡萄球菌6.83%;多重感染、多部位感染是患者死亡的危险因素。结论 ICU医院感染主要分布于下呼吸道,主要病原菌为革兰阴性菌,多重感染、多部位感染增加了患者病死率;积极治疗原发病,严格无菌操作,尽量缩短住院时间,合理使用抗菌药物,有利于预防ICU医院感染。OBJECTIVE To learn the common infected site and bacterial distribution of nosocomial infection in intensive care unit （ICU）, in order to set down the effective prevention and control measures. METHODS The clinical data of 405 patients in ICU from Jan 2008 to Jun 2009 were analyzed. RESULTS Totally 100 cases were with nosocomial infections （24.69%）, and 165 case-times of nosocomial infections were found with the case-time infection rate of 40. 74%. The infections were found located mostly in lower respiratory tract. A total of 161 strains were isolated. The common pathogens were Acinetobacter bautnannii （29. 19%）. Candida albicans （ 11.80% ）, Pseudomonas aeruginosa （8.70% ）, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia （6.83% ）, and Staphylococcus aureus （6.83%）. Multiple infections were the risk factors correlated with the mortality of nosocomial infection. CONCLUSION The most common infection site is lower respiratory tract. The most common infection microorganisms in ICU are Gram-negative bacteria. Muhiple and muhi-site infections have increased the death rate. Treatment of primary disease, shortening hospitalized days as much as possible, the rational use of antimicrobial agents and aseptic manipulation are effective to reduce nosocomial infection in ICU.

关 键 词：重症监护病房 医院感染 监测 

分 类 号：R181.32[医药卫生—流行病学]