374例血液科医院感染病例资料分析  

Nosocomial Infection of Hematological Disease:Data from 374 Cases

作　　者：蒋梅英[1] 王菊芳[1] 嵇菊珍[1] 李玉[1] 成玉春[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京医科大学附属淮安第一医院感管科,江苏淮安223300

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2010年第21期3316-3318,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

摘　　要：目的探讨血液病患者医院感染特点及防治措施。方法采用前瞻性与回顾性相结合的方法对血液科374例医院感染病例监测资料进行分析。结果血液科2188例住院患者中发生医院感染374例、473例次,感染率为17.1%、例次感染率为21.6%;感染患者以恶性血液病者为主,占81.8%;感染部位中呼吸道占首位,为61.3%;病原菌中革兰阴性菌占41.0%、革兰阳性菌占19.3%、真菌占39.7%;中性粒细胞数与感染关系密切,感染时患者中性粒细胞计数≤2.0×109/L者占76.1%。结论血液病患者尤其是恶性血液病患者是医院感染的主要人群,中性粒细胞数低下是主要危险因素,呼吸道是重点监控部位,采取积极的全面综合性预防与针对性预防相结合的控制措施,对降低血液病患者医院感染发病率至关重要。OBJECTIVE To explore the characteristics and prevention measures of nosocomial infection of hematological disease. METHODS The prospective and retrospective methods were used to analyze the data from 374 cases with hematological disease. RESULTS Among totally 2188 patients with hematopathy, the nosocomial infections occured in 374 patients （17. 1%） were 473 case times （21. 6%）. The infection rate in patients with hematologic malignancies was the highest, accounting for 81.8%. The respiratory tract was the most commonly infected site （61. 3%）. Among the pathogenic bacteria, the infection rate of Gram-negative bacteria, Gram- positive bacteria and fungi were 41%, 19. 3% and 39.7%, respectively; the number of neutrophils was closely related to nosocomial infection, the patients with neutrophil count less than 2.0×10^9/L accounted for 76.1%. infection cases. CONCLUSION Patients with hematopathy, especially the patients with malignant hematopathy,are the main population of nosocomial infections, low neutrophil count is the major risk factor, respiratory tract is the key monitoring site. It is critical to take positive and adequate prevention measures to control or decrease the incidence of nosocomial infection.

关 键 词：血液病 医院感染 病原菌 中性粒细胞 

分 类 号：R181.32[医药卫生—流行病学]