医务人员医院职业暴露现状调查分析及对策  

Occupational Exposure of Medical Workers in Hospital:Present Status and Countermeasures

作　　者：王煜[1] 龙燕[1] 苑晓微[1] 

机构地区：[1]昆明市妇幼保健院医院感染管理科,云南昆明650031

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2010年第19期3013-3014,共2页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

摘　　要：目的提高医护人员预防控制意识,减少医务人员职业暴露的发生。方法对2007年1月-2008年12月22名职业暴露的医护人员进行监测,对其发生职业暴露的物品、暴露过程、处理、随访等进行分析。结果职业暴露发生率:护士14名、占63.63%,医师4名、占18.18%,实习生3名、占13.64%,工人1名、占4.55%;操作者刺伤自己10名,占45.45%,配合或被其他操作者刺伤1名,占4.55%,患者躁动引起5名,占22.73%,收集或处置医疗废物1名,占4.55%,其他原因5名,占22.73%;由于熟练掌握发生职业暴露后的紧急处理措施,无一例感染者发生。结论有严格的规章制度、规范操作行为、加强职业安全培训、加强锐器及医疗废物的管理、改善工作环境等是减少医务人员职业暴露危险因素的关键。OBJECTIVE To consummate the preventive measure,enhance the medical worker′s prevention-consciousness and reduce the occurrence of occupational exposure.METHODS There were 22 medical workers with occupational exposure happened from Jan 2007 to Dec 2008 and their causes were analyzed.RESULTS From them there were 14 nurses,accounted for 63.63%;4 doctors,accounted for 18.18%,3 interns,accounted for 13.64%,and 1 worker,accounted for 4.55%.The exposed reasons：10 cases were stabbed by own-self,accountsed for 45.45%,one by other person,accounted for 4.55%,five were due to patients movement,accounted for 22.73%,one was due to collecting or handling medical waste,accounted for 4.55%,and five cases were due to other causes,accounted for 22.73%.Because of grasping slkillfully the emergency treatment measures after the occupational exposure,there was one infected person.CONCLUSIONS The keys to reduce the occurrence of occupation exposure are：the strict rules,knowing the patients＇infection condition early,the standard operation behavior,strengthening occupational safety training,strengthening the sharp instrument and the medical waste＇s management,improving working conditions and so on.

关 键 词：医务人员 职业暴露 对策 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生]