贫困山区不同类型农户对宅基地流转的认知与响应——基于重庆市云阳县568户农户调查  

Recognition and Reaction of Different Types of Rural Households in Poor Mountainous Areas on the Rural Residential Land Transfer: An Empirical Study Based on the Survey Covering 568 Rural Households in Yunyang County,Chongqing City

作　　者：周婧[1] 杨庆媛[1] 张蔚[1] 王宁[2] 张凌华[1] 杨逢渤[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南大学地理科学学院,重庆400715 [2]武汉大学资源与环境科学学院,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《中国土地科学》2010年第9期11-17,共7页China Land Science

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究项目(07JA630024);重庆市教育委会员(KJ08B08);城乡统筹背景下重庆市农村集体建设用地流转问题研究(2009JJ29)

摘　　要：研究目的:基于农户兼业活动探讨不同类型农户宅基地流转行为及其决策因子,为政府制定"以人为本"的宅基地流转办法提供参考。研究方法:社会学理性选择理论l,ogistic分析法,参与式农村评估法。研究结果:(1)农户宅基地流转意愿普遍偏低,且从纯农业户到非农业户意愿逐渐减弱;(2)兼业程度由低到高,宅基地流转决策因子沿生存—经济—社会方向转移,纯农业型为生存理性,农业主导型为生存与经济理性,农工兼具型为经济理性,非农主导型与非农业型以社会理性为主导;(3)农户普遍倾向"以房换房"的置换流转方式,其次是"以房换钱"为入股的流转方式,出售、抵押、出租等方式较少。研究结论:宅基地流转决策中不同类型农户对生存、经济和社会效益的关注不同,但总体上保障性心理大于经济利益,这也是宅基地流转缓慢的原因。Abstract：The purpose of this paper is to explore behaviors and decision-making factors of different types of rural household on rural residential land transfers according to the farmers＇ concurrent employment activities, which aims to provide references for the governments on how to find a proper way to transfer the rural residential land with the so-called people-rights-oriented principle. Methods employed include rational choice theory in sociology, logistic analysis, and participatory rural appraisal. The results indicate： （1）the general willingness to transfer the rural residential land of farmers is low, and it is also descending from the households that totally involved in agriculture to those who totally employed by non-agricultural business;（2）the degrees of concurrent business are from low to high; meanwhile, the decision-making factors of rural residential land transfer are diverting along the direction of subsistence to economy and then to society; and furthermore, the main factors influencing the transfer decision are subsistence rationale, subsistence-economic rationale, economic rationale and social rationale in accordance with the different types of household, i.e., pure agriculture employee, agriculture-leaded employee, agricultural-industrial integrated employee, and nonagricultural employee, respectively;（3）methods of the so-called house for house （location replacement transfer） and the so-called house for money （shareholding transfer） are the two usual preferences of rural households, meanwhile methods of sale, mortgage and lease are uncommon. It is concluded that different types of rural households have different concerns on subsistence, economic income and social benefits when they make decisions on rural residential land transfer, and generally the consideration for subsistence security could be more important than economic interests, which the latter could be the reason of the slow development of rural residential land transfer in current stage.

关 键 词：土地制度 贫困山区 农户 兼业 宅基地流转 云阳县 

分 类 号：F301.2[经济管理—产业经济]