不同水分处理对当季冬小麦及后茬夏玉米生长与产量的影响  

Effects of Different Water Treatments on Dry Matter Accumulation and Yield of Winter Wheat and Following Summer Maize

作　　者：刘克[1] 张敏洁[1] 秦欣[1] 周顺利[1] 

机构地区：[1]农业部农作制度重点开放实验室/中国农业大学农学与生物技术学院,北京100193

出　　处：《作物杂志》2010年第5期70-73,共4页Crops

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30771271);国家科技支撑计划(2006BAD29B04);国家863计划(2006AA100202)

摘　　要：在冬小麦播前灌足底墒水的基础上,2007～2008年度大田设置3个水分处理、2008～2009年度设置4个水分处理,后茬夏玉米设置5个氮肥处理,研究了不同水分处理对当季冬小麦及后茬夏玉米干物质积累与产量的影响。结果表明,冬小麦干物质积累量随供水量的增加而增加,但2个年度的最高产量均出现在春二水处理,过量的水分供应并未促进产量的进一步增加;后茬夏玉米干物质积累量与子粒产量有随前茬冬小麦供水量的增加而降低的趋势,夏玉米季施氮肥增产效果显著。在华北平原冬小麦—夏玉米轮作体系中,冬小麦节水栽培可以实现小麦和玉米的周年持续高产,实现节水与高产的统一。Effects of different water treatments on dry matter accumulation and yield of winter wheat and following summer maize were investigated in the field condition. Four water treatments were conducted in spring during winter wheat growing period except irrigation （750m^3/hm^2 ） before sowing. During the growing season of following summer maize, five nitrogen treatments consisting of 0,60,120,180 and 240kg/hm^2 were carried out. The resullts revealed that the dry matter accumulation of winter wheat increased with water supply, but the yield of two-water treatment was the highest every year. Excessive water supply would not continue to improve yield. The dry matter accumulation and yield of following summer maize decreased with the increasing of water supply during winter wheat. The application of N fertilizer improved summer maize yield significantly. In the winter wheat-summer maize rotation system of the North China Plain, water-saving cultivation in winter wheat could promote the annual continuous high-yielding production, and achieve the saving-water with high-yield.

关 键 词：冬小麦—夏玉米轮作 节水栽培 周年效应 产量 

分 类 号：S512.11[农业科学—作物学] S513