美国最高法院关于外国法的大辩论  

A Study of Debates on the Invocation of Foreign Legal Provisions by the US Supreme Court

作　　者：杜涛[1] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学法学院

出　　处：《美国研究》2010年第3期52-71,共20页The Chinese Journal of American Studies

基　　金：杜涛主持的2008年度国家社科基金项目"经济全球化与美国对外经济制裁的法律问题研究"(编号08CFX054)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：近年来,美国联邦最高法院在一些宪法解释案中援引了外国法律和国际条约,这在美国引发了一场大辩论。以斯卡利亚为代表的保守派大法官和以布雷耶为代表的自由派大法官展开了激烈争辩。保守派坚持原旨主义的宪法解释方法,认为援引外国法解释美国宪法违反了宪法的原意,也无法正确理解美国宪法的真实含义;自由派则主张一种比较主义的宪法解释方法,认为在全球化时代,应该平等对待各国宪政思想,虚心吸收他国法律中的积极因素,这样才能使美国宪法与时俱进。这一争论反映了美国社会保守主义和自由主义两大政治力量的传统对立。In recent years,the US Supreme Court invoked foreign legal provisions and international treaties as persuasive authority in the interpretation of the American Constitution.This has caused heated debates between conservative and liberal justices represented by Scalia and Breyer respectively.The conservatives adhere to the fundamentalist approach,insisting that such invocation violates the original intent of the constitution and cannot properly explain its genuine meaning.The liberals advocate a comparative approach towards the interpretation of the constitution,holding that in the era of globalization,absorbing positive elements in the laws of other countries will keep the American constitution move with the moving society.The debate is a reflection of the conflict between two traditional political forces,the conservatives and the liberals,in American society.

关 键 词：美国法律 最高法院 宪法解释 外国法适用 

分 类 号：D971.2[政治法律—法学]