公共美德的失却与美国向现代工商社会的迈进  

The Lost Public Virtues and America's March toward a Modern Commercial and Industrial Society

作　　者：王晓德[1] 

机构地区：[1]福建师范大学社会历史学院

出　　处：《美国研究》2010年第3期72-93,共22页The Chinese Journal of American Studies

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目<美国对外关系史研究>(项目批准号:05JJD770118)阶段性研究成果

摘　　要：在美国开国元勋中,很多人受到古典共和主义的影响,坚持文艺复兴时代宣扬的以公共美德为中心形成的道德规范,对权力带来腐败时刻抱有警惕之心,竭力避免财富的过度扩张导致社会凝聚力的分崩离析。因此,他们在选择共和制时非常强调"公共美德"对这个新独立国家发展的重要性。正是受古典共和主义的影响,他们或多或少地表现出了与现代工业文明格格不入的思想。然而,这种思想与独立后美国发展的大势不相一致。作为引领美国发展的决策者,他们不可能与这种大趋势相悖。这样,他们中的很多人经历了对现代工业文明逐渐认同的过程,其结果促进了美国大踏步地迈向现代工商社会。Many of the founding fathers were greatly influenced by the classical republicanism.They advocated ethical norms based on the public virtues of the Renaissance,constantly watched out the corruption from power and strove to avoid excessive expansion of wealth which might bring about the disintegration of social cohesion.Therefore,they laid emphasis on the importance of public virtues in the development of this newly independent country.However,their classical republican minds went more or less incompatible with the modern industrial civilization,and with the trend of American development after the Independence of the United States.As policy-makers for development of the nation,it was impossible for them not to adjust to the change.Thus,many of them experienced a course of gradual identification with modern industrial civilization.As a result,this identification promoted the United States to march toward a society of commerce and industry in great strides.

关 键 词：美国历史 美国革命 公共美德 开国元勋 腐败 

分 类 号：F171.2[经济管理—世界经济]