大学生对自杀行为的认知、态度及其影响因素的分析  

Analysis on knowledge and attitude towards suicide and its influencing factors in college students

作　　者：蔡玲[1] 林汉生[1] 王声湧[1] 刘国宁[1] 

机构地区：[1]暨南大学医学院医学统计学教研室,广东广州510632

出　　处：《中华疾病控制杂志》2010年第10期980-983,共4页Chinese Journal of Disease Control & Prevention

基　　金：广州市医药卫生科技重大项目(2007-ZDa-04)

摘　　要：目的了解大学生对自杀行为的态度、看法及其影响因素,为在高校开展自杀预防与干预工作提供科学依据。方法采用分层整群随机抽样方法,应用贝克抑郁量表(BDI)和自杀态度与知识量表,对暨南大学的本科生进行问卷调查。结果 30.7%的大学生认为自杀未遂与自杀死亡程度是相似的,认为自杀是不可预防、不可以自我控制的分别占21.5%和15.5%,45.3%的大学生歧视自杀。有自杀意念的学生比无自杀意念的更倾向于认为自杀未遂与自杀死亡程度相似、自杀不可预防、自杀无法自我控制;女生比男生更认同自杀是可以自我控制的;经济/管理类学生、来自香港、澳门、台湾的学生、家庭经济好的学生更加歧视自杀;个人每月生活费、家庭对本人读书的负担、学习成绩满意度是影响大学生自杀看法与态度的因素。结论应加强心理健康的宣传教育,提高大学生对自杀行为的正确认识,促进大学生身心健康发展,预防自杀的发生。Objective To understand the cognition and attitude towards suicide among the undergraduates and the influencing factors.Methods The survey was carried out among the undergraduates in Jinan university with Beck Depression Inventory（BDI） and attitude scale towards suicide by stratified and cluster sampling.Results About 30.7% students considered attempted suicide was similar to completed suicide,21.5% and 15.5% of the students thought the suicidal behavior couldn＇t be prevented and couldn＇t be controlled,45.3% of the students discriminated against the suicidal behavior.The students with suicide ideation were inclined to think that attempted suicide was similar to completed suicide,they had fewer identification of the preventability and self-control of suicidal behavior than those students without suicide ideation;The girls had more identification of self-control of suicidal behavior than the boys.The students of economics and management college,Hong Kong,Aomen and Taiwan discriminated against the suicidal behavior much more.The influencing factors were personal outlays,family financial burden and satisfaction of academic record.Conclusions Some related health education should be strengthened to improve undergraduates＇ cognition towards suicide,so as to promote mental health and to prevent suicide among University students.

关 键 词：大学生 自杀 认知 态度 

分 类 号：R181.39[医药卫生—流行病学]