大学生“自杀守门员”短期培训后的效果评价  

The short effectiveness evaluation of a suicide prevention gatekeeper training program among the college students

作　　者：赵国香[1] 荆春霞[1] 王声湧[1] 刘国宁[2] 杨光[3] 罗亦娟[4] 付芹芹[1] 代金芳[1] 

机构地区：[1]暨南大学医学院流行病学教研室,广东广州510632 [2]暨南大学医学院公共卫生教研室,广东广州510632 [3]暨南大学医学院寄生虫学系,广东广州510632 [4]中山大学公共卫生学院流行病学教研室,广东广州510080

出　　处：《中华疾病控制杂志》2010年第10期984-987,共4页Chinese Journal of Disease Control & Prevention

基　　金：广东省科技计划(2009B070300052);广州市医药卫生科技重大项目(2007-ZDa-04);暨南大学科研培育与创新基金(21609707);广州市哲学社会科学规划课题(08Y46)

摘　　要：目的在大学生群体中设置"自杀守门员",培训防治自杀行为相关知识和技能后,评价其效果。方法采取贴海报的方式招募志愿者,24名在校大学生自愿参加本次培训。采用自编的守门员培训效果问卷,培训前后分别对"自杀守门员"进行调查。结果培训后守门员在自杀行为的预警信号、自杀误解、评估技能和对自杀知识的评价4个方面的得分均有所提高。其中,提高最显著的为自杀预警信号,得分均值由4.88提高到8.29,提高幅度为69.88%;其次是对自杀知识的评价,得分由2.23提高到3.52,提高幅度为57.85%;对自杀误解知识的得分由5.96提高到8.63,提高幅度为44.80%;提高幅度最低的是评估技能,由5.46提高到7.21,提高幅度为32.05%。培训前守门员对获得自杀详细计划的知晓率较低(16.7%),培训后"自杀守门员"对自杀预防措施知识的知晓率、询问自杀意念的能力和交流技巧以及技巧的掌握均有所提高。结论通过短期培训,可以提高守门员自杀相关知识,但还需进一步研究如何提高守门员对知识的实际应用能力。Objective To choose ＂suicidal gatekeeper＂ in the college students,then train them knowledge about suicidal behavior and related skills,and evaluate the effectiveness of training.Methods 24 college students were recruited in this training by posters.Everyone was investigated two times before and after training by using a self-designed questionnaire.Results Knowledge about warning signs,misunderstanding,assessment skills and knowledge on the evaluation of suicide were all increased after training.Among these,the most significantly increased knowledge was suicidal warning signs,which score increased from 4.88 to 8.29,with an increase rate of 69.88%,followed by the knowledge of suicidal assessment,which score increased from 2.23 to 3.52,with an increase rate of 57.85%.Score of misunderstanding knowledge increased from 5.96 to 8.63,with a increase rate of 44.80%.The minimum increased knowledge was assessment skills,which was from 5.46 to 7.21,with an increase rate of 32.05%.Before training,16.7% of gatekeepers knew that accessing to the detailed plan was one of suicide preventive measurements.After training,suicide prevention knowledge about asking about suicidal ideation,communication skills,and communication skills of suicide gatekeepers were significantly improved.Conclusions Through short-term training,suicide preventive knowledge of gatekeepers was improved,but we should further study how to improve gatekeepers＇ ability of practice.

关 键 词：大学生 自杀 教育 

分 类 号：R892.22[医药卫生—法医学]