中国东部地区常绿阔叶林景观破碎化  

Landscape fragmentation of evergreen broadleaved forest in East China

作　　者：陈方敏[1] 徐明策[1] 李俊祥[1,2,3] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学环境科学系,上海200062 [2]浙江天童森林生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站,浙江宁波315114 [3]上海市城市化生态过程与生态恢复重点实验室,上海200062

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2010年第10期1919-1924,共6页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30400050和30130060);华东师范大学"211工程"生态学重点学科资助项目

摘　　要：常绿阔叶林是中国东部地区的地带性植被,常绿阔叶林景观破碎化的监测与评价是对其进行生态恢复、保护和经营管理的基础。本文应用NOAA-AVHRR计算出时间序列的NDVI合成影像所得的植被遥感分类数据,结合景观格局指数,对中国东部地区常绿阔叶林景观破碎化进行研究。结果表明:中国东部地区常绿阔叶林残存面积仅为35427km2,占全区面积的5.9%,平均斑块面积为8.55km2,斑块密度为0.69个.100km-2,≤5km2的斑块数量占全部常绿阔叶林斑块数量的61.2%,但面积比例则仅为5.75%,而≥25km2的斑块数量比例仅为10%,面积比例却达58%;对各省的常绿阔叶林破碎化状况分析表明,常绿阔叶林斑块总面积、斑块密度、斑块平均面积、边界密度、景观形状指数、最大斑块指数以及平均分维数均呈福建>浙江>江西>安徽,而斑块之间的隔离距离则正好相反。所有这些均表明,中国东部地区的常绿阔叶林已经处于严重的破碎化状态。加强常绿阔叶林的保护、生态恢复及管理成为一项迫切的任务。Evergreen broadleaved forest （EBLF） is the zonal vegetation in East China. To monitor and evaluate the landscape fragmentation of EBLF is essential for the conservation,ecological restoration,and ecological management of the vegetation. In this paper,the identified forest types from NOAA-AVHRR NDVI data,combined with several calculated landscape metrics,were used to analyze the EBLF landscape fragmentation in East China. The results showed that the area of remnant EBLF in East China was only 35427 km2,accounting for 5.9% of the whole region,and the average patch area and patch density were 8.55 km2 and 0.69 per 100 km2,respectively. The number of the patches smaller than 5 km2 accounted for 61.2%,but their total area only occupied 5.75%. The same indices for those patches larger than 25 km2 were 10% and 58%,respectively. The comparison of the individual provinces having EBLF distribution demonstrated that the landscape metrics,including patch area,mean patch size,patch density,edge density,landscape shape index,largest landscape index,and mean fractal dimension,were ranked in the order of Fujian Zhejiang Jiangxi Anhui,while the metric of mean Euclidian nearest neighbor distance was completely inversed. All these results indicated that the EBLF in East China was in serious landscape fragmentation,giving greater impacts on the regional biodiversity conservation and sustainable development. It would be urgent to perform the ecological restoration,conservation,and management of EBLF in East China.

关 键 词：常绿阔叶林 景观破碎化 景观格局指数 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]