农田土壤紧实的发生、影响及其改良  

Cropland soil compaction:Its causes,influences,and improvement

作　　者：石彦琴[1] 陈源泉[1] 隋鹏[1] 聂紫瑾[1] 高旺盛[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学循环农业研究中心,北京100193

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2010年第10期2057-2064,共8页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑计划(2006BAD02A15);国家自然科学基金资助项目(30900875)

摘　　要：土壤紧实是影响农田土壤质量和作物生长的关键障碍因子之一,是当前土壤功能及农田生态健康研究领域的重点。本文分析了近年来国内外关于土壤紧实的发生原因、影响因素、改良措施的研究进展。除农业机械以外,耕作制度和水肥管理对紧实的影响也不可忽视,此外,各因素的影响程度会随时空而变化。在综合分析已有研究的基础上,就目前土壤紧实研究中亟待解决的问题进行了探讨,认为今后应加强以下几方面的研究:1)从分子方面探讨抗紧实作物的遗传机理;2)田间可视化评价结合模型研究紧实下土壤-作物的变化过程;3)深入探讨土壤紧实的改良措施,为今后农田健康的相关研究提供参考。Soil compaction is one of the key barriers impacting cropland soil quality and crop growth,and the major concern in the researches of soil functioning and cropland ecosystem health. This paper reviewed the research progress related to the causes,influences,and improvement measures of soil compaction. In considering the affecting factors of soil compaction,farming system and water and fertilizer management should not be ignored,besides agricultural machinery. In addition,the influences of the above factors on soil compaction often changed temporally and spatially. Based on the comprehensive analysis of related researches,some problems to be solved in the research of soil compaction were discussed. It was considered that more attention should be paid on the researches of （1） genetic mechanisms of crop resistance to soil compaction in molecular level,（2） changing process of the interactions between crop and soil under soil compaction by using model and field visual assessment,and （3） improvement measures of soil compaction.

关 键 词：土壤紧实度 土壤质量 生态健康 土壤改良 

分 类 号：S152[农业科学—土壤学]