易卒中型肾血管性高血压大鼠基底动脉超微结构观察  

Ultrastructural Observation of Basilar Artery inStrokeprone Renovascular Hypertensive Rat

作　　者：郭国庆[1] 王省[1] 沈伟哉[1] 

机构地区：[1]暨南大学医学院解剖学教研室

出　　处：《解剖科学进展》1999年第2期159-162,共4页Progress of Anatomical Sciences

基　　金：国务院侨办重点科研基金

摘　　要：脑动脉壁中膜平滑肌细胞（ＳＭＣ）的改变是高血压诱发脑卒中的病理基础。本文用透射电镜观察了易卒中型肾血管性高血压大鼠（ＲＨＲＳＰ）基底动脉超微结构的变化，并用体视学方法对基底动脉中膜平滑肌层面积与中膜总面积之比作动态定量分析。①透射电镜观察：高血压组７ｄ内弹力膜（ＩＥＬ）增厚，中膜ＳＭＣ略有肥大；３０ｄ内皮细胞伸出伪足穿透ＩＥＬ，中膜ＳＭＣ胞体增大，细胞间隙变宽，间质增多；９０ｄＳＭＣ排列紊乱，细胞变性、坏死，失去正常形态，残余胞质内可见大量粗面内织网（ＲＥＲ），细胞间隙增宽，充满间质，其中有大量ＳＭＣ坏死碎片。②透射电镜定量分析：高血压组基底动脉中膜平滑肌层面积与中膜总面积之比７ｄ、３０ｄ无明显改变；９０ｄ较对照组及高血压组７ｄ、３０ｄ显著减少（Ｐ＜０．０１）。提示：脑血管ＳＭＣ外间质成份增多、ＳＭＣ大量变性坏死所致中膜ＳＭＣ面积降低可能与高血压晚期发生脑卒中有关。Stroke is based on the ultrastructured damage of medial smooth muscle cells(SMC) of cerebral arteries in this experiment. The ultrastructure and the ratio of medial SMC to total medial area of basilar artery were investigated by transmission electron microscope (TEM) and morphometric technique. TEM observation indicated: although basilar artery in hypertensive group had no definite injury in 7d, internal elastic lamina(IEL) was plumped and SMC distended slightly. In 30d, endothelial cells protruded pseudopodiums through IEL, medial SMC distended, and mesenchma appeared in cell spaces. In 90d, disarranging SMCs that lost their normal shapes appeared degeneration and necroses. In the cytoplasm there were a large number of rough endplasmic reticules(RER). Spaces among them, in which necrobiotic pieces were observed, were full of mesenchyma. Quantitative analysis of medial SMC: in 7d and 30d, the ratio of medial SMC to total medial area in hypertensive group had no significant changes. However, when compared with control group and hypertensive group in 7d or 30d, the ratio reduced significantly in 90d(p<001). The result suggested that reducing ratio of SMC to total medial area, which was resulted from the increasing mesenchyma and degeneration or necrosis in medial, might be associated with the development of stroke in later hypertension.

关 键 词：肾血管性高血压 基底动脉 超微结构 中风 

分 类 号：R544.140.2[医药卫生—心血管疾病] R361.3[医药卫生—内科学]