好氧颗粒污泥系统启动和颗粒特性研究  

Study of startup of aerobic granular system and characteristics of granules

作　　者：张捍民[1] 王永飞[1,2] 王新华[1] 杨凤林[1] 

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学工业生态与环境工程教育部重点实验室,辽宁大连116024 [2]大连理工大学化工学院,辽宁大连116024

出　　处：《大连理工大学学报》2010年第5期656-662,共7页Journal of Dalian University of Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(50878034);大连市科技计划资助项目(2004B4SF125);长江学者和创新团队发展计划资助项目(IRT0813)

摘　　要：通过逐步缩短沉降时间和提高氮负荷的方法,考察水力选择压和生物选择压共同作用下的好氧颗粒污泥系统启动过程及污泥特性.试验结果表明,系统启动期间,颗粒平均粒径36d增至0.5mm,第90d达到0.9mm,粒径平均增速为9.3μm.d-1;前53d内污泥负荷为0.4～0.6g.g-1.d-1,表观污泥产率为0.40～0.52g.g-1,当生物量增长后,污泥负荷降至0.2～0.4g.g-1.d-1,表观污泥产率减小至0.17～0.25g.g-1;40d后SVI稳定在(15±5)mL/g范围内,沉降性能良好;反应器除污染效果好,10d后COD去除率稳定在80%左右,NH4+-N去除率达到98%以上,且随着氮负荷提高,单位质量污泥的NH4+-N反应速率提高,AOB、NOB和异养菌的活性都在增大.The investigation was engaged in the performances of startup of aerobic granular system and characteristics of the granules under hydraulic selection pressure and microbial selection pressure by combining action of stepwise shortening settling time and increasing nitrogen loading rate.The results show that the mean size of granules during the system startup reaches 0.5mm in 36days,and then increases to 0.9mm in 90days.The average granular size growth rate is about 9.3μm/d.The apparent sludge yield increases from 0.40to 0.52g.g-1 when the sludge loading rate is between 0.4 and 0.6g.g-1.d-1 in 53 days operation.Thereafter,due to great increase of biomass concentration,the apparent sludge yield decreases to the range of 0.17to 0.25g.g-1 as the sludge loading rate is about from 0.2to 0.4g.g-1.d-1.After 40days of culture,the sludge volume index maintains between 10and 20mL/g with excellent granular settleability.Good nitrification metabolic ability is achieved with NH4＋-N removal efficiency above 98%after 10days.The removal efficiency of COD maintains around 80%.Meanwhile,NH4＋-N metabolic rate of the granules increases with nitrogen loading rate.The activities of heterotrophs,AOB and NOB also increase with nitrogen loading rate.

关 键 词：好氧颗粒污泥 SBAR 水力选择压 生物选择压 氮负荷 

分 类 号：X703.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]