凹凸棒石粘土催化裂解生物质焦油模型化合物的实验研究  

A Study on Catalytic Cracking Experiment of the Model Compound of Biomass Tar with Palygorskite

作　　者：彭书传[1] 宋磊[1] 张先龙[2] 周凯华[1] 陈天虎[1] 

机构地区：[1]合肥工业大学资源与环境工程学院,安徽合肥230009 [2]合肥工业大学化学工程学院,安徽合肥230009

出　　处：《矿物学报》2010年第3期338-342,共5页Acta Mineralogica Sinica

基　　金：国家863计划(2006AA03Z337);安徽省自然科学基金(070415206);国家自然科学基金(批准号:50774027;40902020);高等学校博士学科点专项科研新教师基金(20090111120019)

摘　　要：在小型固定床反应器上,以苯酚为模型化合物对生物质焦油在凹凸棒石粘土负载Ni催化剂上的催化裂解反应进行了研究。重点考察了Ni在催化剂上的分散度以及温度、Ni的负载量、水碳比(S/C)、气相停留时间对苯酚转化率和裂解气成分的影响。结果表明尽管凹凸棒石粘土本身对苯酚的转化不明显,但是在负载Ni以后尤其是超过反应温度700℃时对苯酚的转化率有明显的提高。Ni/PG(凹凸棒石负载Ni)催化剂在经过H2还原后由于其活性的提高使苯酚转化率得到进一步提升。同时较长的气相停留时间有利于苯酚的裂解,但是当气相停留时间超过0.5s时,苯酚转化率并无明显提高。另外,苯酚转化率和H2的产量随着S/C在0～4.4之间增加而增加,超过4.4转化率提高不明显。The catalytic steam reforming of phenol （as the model compound of biomass tar） over palygorskite based Nickle catalysts was studied by using bench-scale fixed-bed reactor.The dispersion of Ni specie on the catalyst as well as the effects of temperature,loadings content of Ni,steam /carbon ratio （S/C） ,residence time on phenol conversion and product gases’composition were investigated.Results showed that,even at high temperatures,palygorskite was not active for phenol conversion in catalytic steam reforming.Ni loaded palygorskite showed remarkable activity for phenol conversion especially at temperatures higher than 700℃.Moreover,H2 reduced Ni/PG catalysts had shown the most perfect activity for phenol,suggesting that the active specie of the catalyst was preferably to be dispersed Ni other than NiO.Longer gas residence time was favorable of phenol decomposition till to 0.5 s,at which phenol conversion rate did not significantly improve.In addition,the phenol conversion and H2 production increased with increasing S/C in the range between 0 ～ 4.4,out of which,there were no obvious observed changes in phenol conversion.

关 键 词：凹凸棒石 镍基催化剂 生物质焦油 催化裂解 苯酚 

分 类 号：P578.964[天文地球—矿物学] TE667[天文地球—地质学]