高校大学生婚育观念及生殖健康服务需求——基于北京29所高校的抽样调查  

Attitudes to marriage and childbearing,and needs for reproductive health service for university students in Beijing

作　　者：和红[1] 苑雅玲[1] 刘海滨[2] 马骁[1] 乔珍[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学人口与发展研究中心,北京100872 [2]中国人民大学计划生育委员会,北京100872 [3]中山大学公共卫生学院,广州510275

出　　处：《中国性科学》2010年第10期22-27,共6页Chinese Journal of Human Sexuality

基　　金：北京市计生委2009年人口发展战略研究(编号:35609018)

摘　　要：目的:了解北京高校大学生婚育观念及生殖健康服务需求。方法:对北京市80所高校中的29所高校的1523名在校本科生进行了问卷调查。结果:①73.9%和32.3%的大学生知道在校期间可以结婚和生育;19.8%和8.4%的大学生赞同在校期间结婚和生育;44%和69.8%的大学生认为在校期间结婚和生育弊大于利;88.1%和94%的人认为不会在校期间结婚和生育;大多数人表示对于结婚和生育同学的态度不会发生改变;认为理想的结婚和生育年龄为26～29岁;②53.3%大学生的生殖健康知识来源于网络,而从学校教育中得到的知识仅占12.6%;当他们遇到生殖健康问题时,也多求助于网络(37.6%);87.2%的调查对象不清楚高校存在计划生育部门;③当意外怀孕后,有53.9%的人选择人工流产;选择人工流产的调查对象中有8.8%的大学生会选择去非正规医院,主要原因怕遇到熟人;有16.6%的大学生曾经有过意外怀孕。④65%的学生希望提供定期的健康检查;希望通过观看录像和教师讲授相结合的方式学习生殖健康知识;认为避孕药具最好的放置地点在宿舍楼道内。结论:虽然绝大多数学生表示不会在大学期间结婚生育,但是面对结婚生育的放开,面对大学生有关生殖健康知识的缺乏,我们应该树立总体应对的态度,加强生殖健康/计划生育知识的宣传教育,将学生纳入高校计生部门的服务范围,进行分类管理,为高校学生提供人性化的更好的服务。Objectives： The objective of this analysis is to know the attitudes to marriage and childbearing, and needs for reproductive health service for university students in Beijing. Methods ：1523 university students from Beijing were selected. All were interviewed via a standardized questionnaire in 2009. Results：（1）Most students understand the policy about marriage and childbearing in college years. 19. 8% and 8.4% students agreed with marriage and childbearing in college years. 44% and 69. 8% students believe that there are a lot of disadvantages for university students＇ marriage and childbearing. （2）Most knowledge about reproductive health come from network, and only 12. 6% come from school education. Most students don＇t know there is Family Planning Department in university, and what is the duties of Family Planning Department. Students always look for help on Internet or go to hospital outside university when they have some problems. （3） For the questions about unexpected pregnancy, more than half of students chose abortion when they get pregnant. But there were 8.8% students who chose non - formal hospital for abortion. （4）Most students hope university can provide regular physical examination. They prefer to know knowledge by watching videos and teaching. They thought the best place to put condom is in dormitory. Conclusions： Although the majority of the students thought they would not marry and have children in university, but we also need to provide reproductive health service and family planning service for students. We should establish classification management, and provide a better friendly service for university students.

关 键 词：大学生 婚育观念 生殖健康 健康教育 

分 类 号：R167[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]