后生动物线粒体基因组:起源、大小和基因排列进化  

Mitochondrial Genome Evolution in Metazoa: Origin, Size and Gene Arrangement

作　　者：陈念[1] 赖小平[1] 

机构地区：[1]广州中医药大学中药学院,广东广州510006

出　　处：《生物技术通讯》2010年第5期721-726,共6页Letters in Biotechnology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(K1060015);广东省自然科学基金博士启动项目(10451040701006101);广州中医药大学博士后科研资助项目(广中医研[2010]40号)

摘　　要：由于受到强烈的进化约束,后生动物线粒体基因组在大小和基因含量上一直保持稳定,相比之下核基因组则发生了巨大的改变。后生动物线粒体基因组结构的可塑性在一定程度上归功于可能由tRNA基因介导的基因重排事件,虽然亲缘关系密切的物种间也可能出现基因重排,但同门内的线粒体基因组仍趋向于具有类似的结构特征。我们对后生动物线粒体基因组的起源、大小和基因排列进化方面的特点进行了介绍。Because of the intensively evolutionary constraint,size and gene content of metazoan mitochondrial（mt）-genome have remained stable for millions of years.But at the same time,several changes have taken place in nuclear genome.The plasticity of mt-genome is maintained through a great variety of gene rearrangements probably mediated by tRNA genes.The trend of mtDNA to maintain the same genetic structure within a phylum is generally accepted,although more recent reports show that a considerable number of transpositions are observed also between closely related organisms.In this article,the origin,size and gene arrangement evolution of the mt-genome in Metazoa were reviewed.

关 键 词：线粒体DNA 进化 后生动物 基因排列 

分 类 号：Q349[生物学—遗传学]