白沙枇杷果实发育、果实水势及与裂果关系研究  

Relationship between Fruit Cracking and Fruit Development,Water Potential of White Flesh Loquat

作　　者：冯健君[1] 周慧芬[2] 胡美君[3,4] 郑洁[3,5] 郭延平[3] 

机构地区：[1]浙江省宁海县农林局,浙江宁海315600 [2]浙江省农业厅,杭州310020 [3]浙江大学园艺系,杭州310029 [4]浙江永康市林业技术推广中心,浙江永康321300 [5]上海市柑橘研究所,上海201913

出　　处：《热带亚热带植物学报》2010年第5期536-540,共5页Journal of Tropical and Subtropical Botany

基　　金：宁波市科技攻关项目(2005C100040)资助

摘　　要：对生长在山坡地6年生白沙枇杷(Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.)的裂果与果实发育、可溶性糖含量、土壤相对含水量及果实水势关系进行了研究,并探讨了覆盖地膜、断根和果实套袋技术对预防裂果的效果。结果表明,随着白沙枇杷果实的发育,果形指数变小;临近成熟期,果实的可溶性糖含量最高,土壤相对含水量增加,同时果实水势也升高。模拟大雨后,果实水势与裂果率呈正相关,相关系数R=0.941。这说明白沙枇杷临近成熟时,果实内积累了大量的可溶性糖等高渗透物质,从高含水量的土壤中大量吸收水分,使果实水势升高,导致裂果。以覆盖地膜、断根和果实套袋组合的技术预防裂果的效果最好,其中覆盖地膜和断根对预防裂果的贡献较大。Fruit cracking in six-year-old white flesh loquat （Eriobotrya japonica Lindl. ‘Ninghaibai’） was studied at fruit development stages, and the fruit soluble sugar contents, relative water contents of soil and water potential of fruits were measured. The prevention effects on fruit cracking were also investigated by using covering plastic film, cutting roots and fruit bagging. The results showed that fruit shape index tended to decrease with fruit growth. When approaching maturity, the water potential in fruit and the relative water content of soil increased while the soluble sugar content in fruit reached the highest. After simulated heavy rain, fruit water potential had positive correlation with fruit cracking （R=0.941）. The loquat fruits accumulated permeable materials such as soluble sugars and absorbed water from soil when fruits were nearly mature, it made fruit water potential increase, and then caused the fruit cracking. The inhibition effects on fruit cracking were the best by combination of covering plastic film, cutting roots and fruit bagging, in which the covering plastic film and cutting roots had large contribution.

关 键 词：枇杷 裂果 果实水势 土壤相对含水量 

分 类 号：S667.3[农业科学—果树学]