黄土高原不同尺度水保坡面措施减轻沟蚀作用定量研究  

A quantative study on the effect of soil and water conservation measures on slope rill erosion mitigation with different scale in the Loess Plateau

作　　者：冉大川[1,2] 赵力毅[3] 张志萍[4] 罗全华[4] 

机构地区：[1]黄河水利委员会黄河水利科学研究院,河南郑州450003 [2]中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100 [3]黄河水利委员会天水水土保持科学试验站,甘肃天水741000 [4]黄河水利委员会西峰水土保持科学试验站,甘肃西峰745000

出　　处：《水利学报》2010年第10期1135-1141,共7页Journal of Hydraulic Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(50709041);黄河水利委员会"十五"重大治黄科技项目(2002SZ08);"十一五"国家科技支撑计划重点项目第一课题(2006BAB06B01-04)

摘　　要：本文对黄河中游黄土高原地区不同尺度水保坡面措施减轻沟蚀的作用进行了定量研究。结果表明,黄河中游黄土高原地区流域水保坡面措施减轻沟蚀的作用,大于坡面措施本身的减沙作用。在黄土丘陵沟壑区小尺度典型流域,因坡面措施拦蓄导致坡面径流不下沟可以减轻沟蚀量55%。在大尺度典型流域,坡面措施多年平均减轻沟蚀量是坡面措施本身减沙量的1.11～1.25倍;占流域水保措施多年平均总减沙量的29%。进行黄河中游黄土高原地区水保措施蓄水减沙效益计算,应该考虑坡面措施减轻沟蚀的作用。The effect of soil and water conservation measures on the slope on rill erosion with different scale in the Loess Plateau in the Middle Yellow River is quantatively analyzed.The results show that the action of rill erosion reduction due to soil and water conservation measures is more than that of reducing soil with infiltration and interception.In the small scale,the effect of soil and water conservation measures on slope can reduce rill erosion up to about 55%.In bigger scale,the soil and water conservation can reduce the rill erosion higher than the erosion reduction on slope by 1.1 to 1.25 times.The erosion reduction is about 29% of the total reduction by soil and water conservation in the valley.So,to reduce rill erosion by soil and water conservation on slope should be considered in calculating the reduced erosion by soil and water sonservation measures in Loess Plateau around the Middle Yellow River.

关 键 词：坡面措施 沟蚀作用 大理河 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]