基于改进遗传算法的混流装配线的优化设计  

Mixed-model Assembly Line Optimization Design Based on Improved Genetic Algorithm

作　　者：蒋艳[1] 黎向锋[1] 左敦稳[1] 焦光明[1] 薛善良[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学,南京210016

出　　处：《中国机械工程》2010年第19期2322-2328,共7页China Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：国防科工委"十一五"重大基础科研项目

摘　　要：兼顾混流装配线的负荷平衡和投产排序两个方面,建立了以最小化闲置与超载时间之和为优化目标的优化模型,优化目标包括了一次投产循环中,各工位上最后一个产品可能引起的超载时间,从而有效地保证了混流装配线装配过程的连续性。设计了一种引入小生境技术的改进遗传算法,对混流装配线进行了协同优化设计。实例研究表明:引入小生境技术的改进遗传算法在收敛速度和收敛可靠性方面均优于简单遗传算法和保留最佳个体的简单遗传算法;在给定等长工作站个数的情况下,混流装配线的闲置与超载时间之和随各工作站长度的增加而减小,最后趋于收敛。The workload balancing problem and the sequencing of products in mixed-model assembly line were both taken into account.A mathematical model was presented to minimize the total utility and idle time of the line,which included the utility work caused by the last product at the end of a cycle in each workstation,so as to ensure the continuity of assembly process.A genetic algorithm improved by employing niche technology was designed in detail,which was used to optimize the assembly line collaboratively.The computational results show that the proposed algorithm outperforms the simple genetic algorithm and the simple genetic algorithm with elitist strategy both in the aspects of convergence rate and convergence reliability,and that under the situation of a given number of workstations with equal length,total utility and idle time of the mixed-model assembly line is decreasing with the increasing of each workstation length and converges finally.

关 键 词：混流装配线 平衡和排序 小生境技术 遗传算法 

分 类 号：TH165[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TP301.6[自动化与计算机技术—计算机系统结构]