静水不同水深条件下钉螺运动实验研究  

Experimental study on Oncomelania hupensis snails climbing movement in still water

作　　者：元艺[1,2] 林嵩艺[3] 卢金友[4] 王家生[4] 魏国远[4] 徐兴建[2] 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学医学部,武汉430071 [2]湖北省疾病预防控制中心血吸虫病防治研究所 [3]华中科技大学同济医学院 [4]水利部长江水利委员会长江科学院河流研究所

出　　处：《中国血吸虫病防治杂志》2010年第5期425-430,共6页Chinese Journal of Schistosomiasis Control

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2009BAI78B03);国家科技重大专项(2009ZX10004-906);水利部公益性行业专项(200801004)

摘　　要：目的掌握静水不同水深条件下钉螺上爬运动状态,为探索新的防止钉螺扩散模式提供技术支撑。方法在实验室内观测玻璃圆管中不同水深钉螺上爬行为,记录钉螺上爬时间和高度,并分析静水水压对钉螺上爬运动的影响。结果通过观测,获得了钉螺静水空间分布特征,即在不同水深的玻璃管中,钉螺主要分布于静水水表和水底两层;通过拟合静水压强与钉螺上爬速度的关系,得到静水水深与钉螺爬离水面高度的回归方程,确定静水中60 cm水深是钉螺对水压敏感性的分界点;距水面80 cm以内静水中钉螺离水面高度差异不大,钉螺在深度80 cm以内的静水中爬出水面后主要集中在距水面13 cm处附近。结论钉螺在静水中的上爬速度与静水压强成反比,钉螺爬出水面后距水面高度与水体深度成反比。Objective To understand the Oncomelania hupensis snail climbing movement in the still water,so as to provide the scientific basis for developing a new model to control the snail spread.Methods The snails were put into the glass tubes with different depths of still water,and then their climbing movements were observed in different times.The climbing time and height of each snail were recorded.Meanwhile,hydraulic pressure of the still water,which impacted snails climbing was analyzed.ResultsThe spatial distribution of snails in the still water was obtained.Snails were mainly distributed in the surface or bottom of still water.The regression equations were obtained after fitting relationships of water pressure,snails＇ climbing speed or climbing height.The demarcation point of snails＇ sensibility to the water pressure was 60 cm depth in still water while the cutpoint of the climbing height was 80 cm.When snails climbed out of the still water with a depth less than 80 cm,their climbing heights above water surface were usually 13 cm.ConclusionsWater pressure and the snail＇s climbing speed in still water showed a negative correlation.The snails climbing height above water surface was inversely proportional to the depth of water.

关 键 词：钉螺 静水压强 运动状态 实验研究 

分 类 号：R383.24[医药卫生—医学寄生虫学]