江苏省血吸虫病监测预警系统的研究Ⅲ长江水域血吸虫感染性的时空分布  

Surveillance and forecast system of schistosomiasis in Jiangsu Province Ⅲ Temporal and spatial distribution of water infectivity of the Yangtze River

作　　者：孙乐平[1] 戴建荣[1] 洪青标[1] 李洪军[1] 高扬[2] 张联恒 黄景章[4] 郭加宏[5] 王安平[6] 余传信[1] 徐明[1] 田增喜[7] 梁幼生[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省血吸虫病防治研究所,无锡214064 [2]江苏省扬州市人民政府血吸虫病地方病防治工作领导小组办公室 [3]江苏省镇江市疾病预防控制中心 [4]江苏省南京市疾病预防控制中心 [5]江苏省泰州市疾病预防控制中心 [6]江苏省常州市疾病预防控制中心 [7]江苏省人民政府血吸虫病地方病防治工作领导小组办公室

出　　处：《中国血吸虫病防治杂志》2010年第5期446-451,F0003,共7页Chinese Journal of Schistosomiasis Control

基　　金：国家重大科技专项(2008ZX10004-11);江苏省医学领军人才项目(LJ200608);江苏省卫生厅项目(X200701)

摘　　要：目的探索长江江苏段水域水体中日本血吸虫尾蚴时间分布与地域分布特点。方法利用哨鼠尾蚴测定法,5-9月长江汛期在沿江200 km江段,设45个预警监测点,每月1次、连续进行5次血吸虫感染性测定;建立江水感染性动态数据库,再利用Google Earth(谷歌地球)和Picasa 3.1图片管理软件,表达分析长江汛期哨鼠预警阳性点的时空分布和环境特点等。结果 2009年5-9月,45个点、5个批次共投放哨鼠4 500只,回收哨鼠4 411只,现场投放哨鼠总回收率为98.33%;共计解剖哨鼠4 370只,检获阳性哨鼠23只,哨鼠血吸虫总感染率为0.53%,逐月哨鼠血吸虫感染率分别为0.23%、0.23%、0、0.45%和1.73%;检获血吸虫成虫55条,阳性哨鼠平均虫负荷为2.39条/只,逐月阳性哨鼠平均虫负荷分别为1.00、2.00、0、1.50条/只和2.87条/只。5个月共计监测到哨鼠阳性点11个(其中1个点出现2次阳性),占监测点数的24.44%;逐月哨鼠阳性点数分别为1、2、0、1个和8个,逐月阳性点出现率分别为2.22%、4.44%、0、2.22%和17.78%,逐月阳性点出现构成比分别为8.33%、16.67%、0、8.33%和66.67%,9月份哨鼠阳性点出现率显著高于6月份(χ2=4.05,P=0.044)。11个哨鼠阳性点中,属码头渡口和渔船民集散地各有3个,修造船厂和新长洲滩各1个;其中涵闸通江河口哨鼠感染率最高,为2.08%～6.45%。结论长江汛期血吸虫感染性呈双峰型分布,9月份水域血吸虫感染性最强,7月份为江滩地区感染性钉螺世代交替时期,8-10月是防控急性血吸虫病发生的关键时段。Objective To explore the temporal and spatial distribution of cercaria of Schistosoma japonicum in water of Jiangsu section of the Yangtze River.MethodsInfectivities of S.japonicum in sentinel mice were determined in 45 forecast and surveillance sites along the 200 km bank of the Yangtze River from May to September by using sentinel mice,and the dynamic database of water infectivity was established.And then the temporal and spatial distribution and environmental characteristics of forecast and surveillance sites with positive sentinel mice were analyzed using Google Earth and Picasa 3.1.ResultsA total of 4 500 sentinel mice were placed in the 45 sites from May to September,2009,and 4 411 recovered,with a recovery rate of 98.33%.A total of 4 370 mice were dissected and 23 infected,with a total infection rate of 0.53%,and the infection rates of S.japonicum in mice were 0.23%,0.23%,0,0.45% and 1.73%,respectively month by month.Fifty-five adult worms were collected,with mean worm burden of 2.39 worms per mouse in infected sentinel mice,and the mean worm burdens of the infected sentinel mice were 1.00,2.00,0,1.50 and 2.87 worms per mouse,respectively month by month.From May to September,11 sites（among them,1 site was repeatedly found）with infected sentinel mice were found,accounting for 24.44% of the total forecast and surveillance sites,and number of sites with infected sentinel mice were 1,2,0,1 and 8,respectively,with occurrence rates of sites with infected mice of 2.22%,4.44%,0,2.22% and 17.78%,respectively,and the consituent ratios of the sites with infected mice were 8.33%,16.67%,0,8.33% and 66.67%,respectively month by month.The occurrence rate of sites with infected mice in September was significantly higher than that in June（χ2=4.05,P=0.044）.Among the 11 sites,3 were docks and ferries,3 were fixed anchor points of boat fishermen,1 was boat factory and 1 was newly emerging marshland.And the top infection rates of S.japonicumin sentinel mice were found in sluices,being 2.08%-6.45%.Conclusions Infection

关 键 词：血吸虫病 预警 监测 哨鼠 水体感染性 易感水域 时空分布 江苏省 

分 类 号：R532.21[医药卫生—内科学]