钻具腐蚀与钻井液控制概述  

AN OVERVIEW OF DRILL TOOL CORROSION AND DRILLING FLUID CONTROL

作　　者：葛炼 

机构地区：[1]川庆钻探公司川西钻探公司

出　　处：《钻采工艺》2010年第B06期141-145,共5页Drilling & Production Technology

摘　　要：文章从电化学基础入手,分析了钻具腐蚀机理和七种主要腐蚀介质对钻具的腐蚀过程、类型、影响腐蚀速度的因素,叙述了针对不同腐蚀介质控制腐蚀的钻井液工艺。着重讨论了H2S腐蚀对钻具的严重损害及其后果和除硫剂的使用问题。特别提出钻井液中活性S2-和"安定"S2-的概念,指出钻井液全硫含量与是否使用除硫剂无关,有过H2S污染史的钻井液及设备接触酸后将有H2S释放造成危害,应予高度重视。钻具腐蚀控制是一项综合性技术,就钻井液工艺而言,对不同的介质污染采用相应控制措施,着重控制污染较重危害最大的腐蚀。Based on electrochemistry and corrosion mechanism of drilling tools,the corrosion process,types,corrosion-rate-affecting factors of seven major corrosive media are analyzed,and corresponding corrosion-control drilling fluid techniques specific to dif ferent corrosive media are introduced.The serious damage and con sequences caused by H2S to drilling tools as well as the use of sulfur removal agent are emphatically discussed.The concepts of 'active' S2-and 'stable' S2-are particularly put forward.And it is said that total sulfur content has nothing to do with the use of sulfur removal agent.For wells ever invaded by H2S,the H2S will be released after the drilling fluid or equipment contacted by acids,so great care must be taken.The drilling tool corrosion control is a comprehensive technology.Specific control measures must be taken towards different medium pollutions,and emphasis will be put on the most harmful corrosion.

关 键 词：电化学腐蚀 钻具腐蚀 腐蚀速度 H2S腐蚀 除硫剂 腐蚀介质 控制方法 

分 类 号：TE982[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]