微生物降解烷烃中间产物分离鉴定及代谢途径  

SEPARATION IDENTIFICATION AND METABOLIC PATHWAY OF ALKANE INTERMEDIATES DEGRADED BY MICROBES

作　　者：盖立学[1,2] 陆原鹏[3] 郭盟华[4] 金锐[4] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学石油工程学院,北京102200 [2]大庆油田有限责任公司,黑龙江大庆163453 [3]哈尔滨工业大学计算机科学与技术学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150001 [4]大庆油田有限责任公司勘探开发研究院,黑龙江大庆163712

出　　处：《大庆石油地质与开发》2010年第5期140-142,共3页Petroleum Geology & Oilfield Development in Daqing

基　　金：中国石油天然气股份有限公司基金支持项目＂大庆油田原油4000万吨持续稳产关键技术研究＂资助.

摘　　要：为进一步提高微生物降解原油烃的效率,采用铜绿假单胞菌、蜡状芽胞杆菌和地衣芽孢杆3株采油菌株进行微生物降解烷烃途径研究,建立了中间产物分离制备方法,采用重氮甲烷衍生的方法对酸性中间产物进行甲基化衍生,实验菌株对正十四烷、正二十二烷和非正构烷烃化合物具有较高的降解能力.利用GC-MS方法,在实验菌株作用正二十二烷的产物中,检测到二十二烷酸、十八烷酸和十六烷酸,可以判断采油微生物是以末端单加氧的形式代谢正二十二烷生成二十二烷醇,然后进一步氧化成酸,进入β-氧化过程.该研究为微生物摄取原油中不同组分和控制降解过程、进一步改善微生物采油技术效果奠定了理论基础.To further enhance the efficiency of hydrocarbon degradation by microorganisms, the research on pathway of alkane degradation by microorganism is carried out with three oil recovery strains, such as verdigrise pseudomonad, cereous bacillus and lichen bacillus, the separation and preparation method for intermediates is set up, the methylated derivation of acid intermediates is conducted with the diazomethane derivation method. and the research shows that the strains have the high degradation ability for the compounds of n-tetradecane, n-docosane and nonnormal alkane. Applying GC-MS method, docosane, octadecane and hexadecanoic acids are detected in the products that the experimental strains affect n-docosane, it can be judged that the microorganisms for oil recovery metabolize n-docosane and generate docosane alcohol in the form that oxygen is only added at the end, then docosane alcohol is further oxidized into acid and enters intoβ-oxidation process. The research provides the theoretical foundation for the study on obtaining different components from oil and controlling degradation process by microorganisms, and the further improvement of microbial oil recovery technology.

关 键 词：微生物采油 烷烃降解 GC-MS 代谢途径 β-氧化 

分 类 号：TE357.46[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]