珠三角主菜区土壤速效钾状况调查及施钾量研究  

Study on soil available potassium analysis and effects of potassium application in the main vegetable production Region in Pearl River Delta

作　　者：李强[1] 陈琼贤[2] 范梅红 曹健[2] 高惠楠[2] 杨秋[2] 张白鸽[2] 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学农学院,广东广州510640 [2]广东省农科院蔬菜研究所,广东广州510640 [3]广州东升农场有限公司,广东广州511473

出　　处：《广东农业科学》2010年第10期87-89,96,共4页Guangdong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2007BAD89B14);广东省现代蔬菜产业技术体系建设专项资金(粤农[2009]380);广东省农业攻关项目(2008B021000045;2009B020202003);广东省科技推广项目(2008B071103008);广东省广州市番禺区农业攻关项目(2010-Z-82-1)

摘　　要：在珠三角主菜区氮、磷营养状况调查的基础上,从宏观上评价了珠三角主菜区的速效钾分布,并通过对比试验初步得出珠三角主菜区的土壤速效钾丰缺指标,为有效提高钾肥增产效果奠定基础,同时也为测土配方施肥提供了理论依据。结果表明,珠三角主菜区土壤以缺钾为主,且土壤钾素含量呈降低趋势。在低肥力条件下施钾增产效果极其显著,最低增幅24.5%,最高可达45.4%。中、高肥力菜田施钾增产幅度也均达到差异显著水平(P<0.05)。总体来说,土壤速效钾含量低于79.0mg/kg时,施钾量控制在55～70kg/hm2时增产效果较为明显。A macro scale survey was performed to investigate the content of soil available potassium（K） in the main vegetable production areas of the Pearl River Delta.Preliminary enrichment-deficient index of available K was developed,which was a base for increasing fertilizer application efficiency and vegetable yield as well as for constructing soil testing and fertilizing formula.In general,most of the vegetable growth areas in the Pearl River Delta were K-deficient and the soil indigenous K was decreasing.With significance analysis,the application of K fertilizer to the low-fertility soil contributed highly significant effect on the yield of Chinese cabbage,with lowest increase rate 24.5% and the highest rate 45.4%.The application of K fertilizer also increased yield from other mid-and highfertility fields,which was also taken on a significant influence（P0.05）.To sum up,the most favorable K fertilizer effects were observed when soil indigenous K was less than 79.0 mg/kg,and the amount of K fertilizer was within 55～70 kg/hm2.

关 键 词：珠三角 主菜区 速效钾 丰缺指标 施氮效应 

分 类 号：S158.3[农业科学—土壤学]