胫股关节接触特性及含前交叉韧带重建隧道软骨应力仿真研究  

Simulation Research on Tibiofemoral Joint Contact Property and Stress of Articular Cartilages after ACL Reconstruction

作　　者：黄荣瑛[1] 许勇刚[1] 胡磊[1] 徐强[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学机械工程及自动化学院,北京100191

出　　处：《航天医学与医学工程》2010年第5期329-334,共6页Space Medicine & Medical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(50975013);国家科技支撑计划项目资助(2006BA103A16)

摘　　要：目的研究软骨在胫股关节接触下受骨质材料属性变化以及前交叉韧带重建前后对软骨受力分布的影响。方法根据CT和MR I扫描数据,采用图像的阈值分割与配准技术建立了包括股骨、胫骨和关节软骨胫股关节模型并规划移植隧道。对正常/退变骨质(弹性模量为正常骨质的4/5,3/4,1/2,1/10)的胫股关节和含重建隧道的术后关节分别施加载荷(0.5,1,1.5,2 BW)进行接触应力有限元分析。结果随着关节处骨质材料弹性模量的降低,软骨表面所受的压力和应力均会增加;另外,单/双束重建隧道使胫股关节中的软骨面间的接触面积增大,降低软骨所承受的最大压力和应力。结论骨质材料属性的下降增大了关节软骨退化的可能性,前交叉韧带重建隧道减弱了关节抵抗接触载荷的能力,本研究对降低重建术后关节软骨退变及拟定术后的康复方案具有实用价值。Objective To study the effects of bone material properties and anterior cruciate ligament （ACL） re- construction tunnels on contact stress of articular cartilage and its distribution in tibio-femoral joint. Methods A three-dimensional tibiofemoral joint model including femur, tibia and cartilages, as well as femoral and tibi- al tunnels of ACL reconstruction were built based on CT and MRI data with threshold segmentation and registe- ring method. Then, contact stress analysis of normal and degenerative bone with the finite element method was done respectively as bone materials changed （the bony elastic modulus values were among 4/5, 3/4, 1/2 and 1/10 times of the normal） , and tunnels planned with applying loads （among 0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2 times body weight）. Results Both the contact stress and pressure of articular cartilage areas increased along with bony e- lastic modulus decreasing. The contact areas between cartilages of tibial femoral joint increased under the same load after single/double-tunnel ACL reconstruction surgery, the maximal stress and pressure of the cartilages decreased. Conclusion The degradation of bone material properties leads to a higher possibility of cartilages degeneration. ACL reconstruction tunnels decrease the anti-contact loading ability （stiffness） of the bone. This research has practical value for reducing the degeneration of articular cartilages and developing the post- operative rehabilitation program after ACL reconstruction surgery.

关 键 词：胫股关节 前交叉韧带重建 接触应力 关节软骨 有限元分析 

分 类 号：TB12[理学—工程力学] R318.01[理学—力学]