动脉粥样硬化GK大鼠主动脉病变超声及超微结构变化的研究  

Study of changes in ultrasound and ultrastructure of aortic atherosclerotic lesion in GK rat

作　　者：李强翔[1,2] 钟惠菊[1] 杨翊翔 王涛[1] 李果[1] 王敏[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学湘雅医院内分泌科,长沙410008 [2]娄底市中心医院

出　　处：《中国糖尿病杂志》2010年第10期770-773,共4页Chinese Journal of Diabetes

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(30570756/C0303021);湖南省科技厅资助项目(2007FJ4135)

摘　　要：目的观察动脉粥样硬化(AS)的GK大鼠主动脉病变超声及超微结构变化。方法 88只雄性GK大鼠随机分为GK对照组(Con组)和糖尿病AS模型组(AS组),每组44只。实验期间观察大鼠体重、血糖、血压等一般情况变化。成模4周时超声观察颈动脉。实验结束时,测定各组体重、尿量、FPG、2hPG、Ins、血清脂联素(APN)、HbA_1c,同时随机取主动脉用电镜观察主动脉超微结构及病理改变。结果成模4周时,超声发现AS组大鼠颈动脉可见不同程度的AS超声改变。8周时,与Con组比较,AS组大鼠体重增加缓慢,尿量[(69.5±15.6)vs(47.2±15.0)ml]、FPG [(18.7±3.6)vs(12.1±4.0)mmol/L]、2hPG[(20.4±3.1)vs(14.4±2.6)mmol/L]、胰岛素[(61.8±5.5)vs(42.0±4.7)mU/L]、HbA_1c[(8.9±1.9)vs(5.0±1.1)]明显升高(P<0.05),血清APN下降[(1.8±0.2)vs(2.9±0.4)mg/L,P<0.05]。电镜下主动脉超微结构观察显示:Con组主动脉硬化,血管内皮细胞质内未见小脂滴空泡,各种细胞器存在,内弹力膜存在,中层平滑肌细胞质内无脂滴空泡;AS组出现主动脉肥大,内皮细胞内脂滴空泡沉积,动脉和中膜内有泡沫细胞形成,病理显示明显的主动脉及动脉内膜病变。结论通过复合因素干预GK大鼠,并结合电镜和超声观察,可能用来构建糖尿病大鼠早期主动脉病变模型。Objective To study of changes in ultrasound and ultrastructure of aortic atherosclerotic lesions of GK rat. Methods The 88 male GK rats were randomized into normal control（NC）group（n= 44） and atherosclerosis（AS）model group （n = 44）on high fat diet plus L-NAME via garage. The carotid artery was observed by ultrasonography at 4th week. The urine volume, body weight, fasting blood glucose, 2-h postprandial blood sugar, glycosylated hemoglobin, serum adiponectin, and serum insulin were detected after 8 weeks. Aorta was also observed by light microscope and electron microscope. Results The AS model group versus NC group showed a definite atherosclerosis of carotid at 4th week on ultrasonogram. At 8th week, the values of urinary volume [（69.5 ± 15.6） vs （47.2 ± 15.0） ml], FPG [（18.7±3.6） vs （12.1±4.0）mmol/L],2hPG [（20.4±3.1） vs （14.4±2.6）mmol/L], HbA1c[（8.9±1.9） vs （5.0±1. 1）%],Ins [（61.8±5.5） vs （42.0±4.7）mU/L] were increased（all P〈0.05）,and body weight [（408±49） vs （458±51）g] and adiponectin [（1.8±0.2） vs （2.9±0.4）mg/L] were decreased（all P〈0. 05）in AS model group than in NC group. The electron microscope showed aortic atherosclerotic signs including lipid droplet vacuoles in cytoplasm of the endothelial cells and the medial smooth muscle ceils and foam forming cells in AS model group as a typical atherosclerotic characteristics which were not found in NC group. Conclusions GK rats may be the best rat for establishing a model with early aortic atherosclerotic lesions.

关 键 词：动脉粥样硬化 自发糖尿病大鼠 超声 超微结构 

分 类 号：R543[医药卫生—心血管疾病]