我国奥运优势项目发展现状与布局重构  

Reconstruction of present situation and arrangement of China's Olympic dominant athletic events

作　　者：余银[1] 高平[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉体育学院运动训练学院,湖北武汉430079

出　　处：《武汉体育学院学报》2010年第10期83-88,共6页Journal of Wuhan Sports University

基　　金：2009年度国家社会科学基金(09CTY017);2008年度国家体育总局哲学社会科学研究项目(1295SS08113)

摘　　要：竞技体育作为我国体育事业的关键环节,必须首先承担起"体育强国"的建设重任。首先以奥运成绩为基础,对我国奥运优势项目的发展态势及现存主要问题进行深入分析,指出我国优势项目一方面在整体发展、集群性竞争力提升以及非优势项目发展等方面都取得了巨大的进步,但另一方面也存在明显不足:与美、俄优势布局"错位"明显;地域结构发展不平衡性严重;金牌空间接近饱和;奥运"重金项目"实力薄弱;职业化项目无优势、关注度高项目成绩低等,都是制约我国优势项目发展的关键问题。其次,结合我国优势项目的现状,构建了我国优势运动项目布局结构:一级结构包括主优势项目、潜优势项目、弱优势项目及非优势项目四大部分;二级结构包括12个不同的项目区域。我国优势项目的未来发展应该致力于解决自身的深刻不足,优化项目布局,努力实现"体育强国"目标。As a key to the Chinese sports, competitive sports play an important role in China＇s being a country powerful in sports. Based on the results of the Chinese teams at the Olympic Games, the article first analyzed the problems facing China＇s Olympic dominant events, which had made tremendous progress on overall development, group competitiveness, and non-advantageous events. It was true that the China＇s dominant events were different from those of the United States and Russia and it was difficult for China to win more gold medals over these events. In fact, the advantages of the Chinese Olympic gold medal winning events were losing and the performances of professional and most popular events were not satisfactory. In the future, the sports events could be classified into advantageous events, potentially advantageous events, less advantageous events, and non-advantageous events and develop with different appropriate strategies with regard to the different characteristics.

关 键 词：奥运优势项目 布局重构 集群性竞争力 战略竞争 

分 类 号：G811.211[文化科学—体育学]