电厂煤粉尘沉降特征及其对周边土壤主要性质的影响  

The deposition law of coal dust from power generation plant and its effects on prosperities of the surrounding soil

作　　者：刘平[1] 张强[1] 程滨[1] 焦晓燕[1] 杜文波[2] 

机构地区：[1]山西省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所,山西省土壤环境与养分资源重点开放实验室,山西太原030006 [2]山西省农业厅土壤肥料工作站,山西太原030002

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2010年第5期21-24,共4页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：山西省农业科学院博士基金(YBSJJ0701);山西省科技攻关项目(20080311074-1)

摘　　要：通过室外定期观测及室内分析,研究了太原市某电厂储煤场周围下风向900 m范围的总降尘和煤粉尘的沉降规律,及其对该范围内土壤的主要化学性质和微生物数量的影响。结果表明,在此距离内,降尘总量和煤粉尘量随着离储煤场距离的增加而显著减少,离储煤场300 m的最近观测点在3月份降尘总量和煤粉尘量最高,分别为84.38和34.48 t.30 d-1.km-2。距污染中心越近的地方,土壤表层0～10 cm的有机碳及土壤活性有机质含量均显著增加,土壤微生物也随着煤粉尘降落量的增加有活跃的趋势。但是除土壤速效钾外,全氮及速效磷含量尚未有规律性变化。总之,煤粉尘的降落明显增加了土壤表层有机碳及土壤活性有机质的含量,同时也促进了土壤微生物的活跃。Effects of coal dust from the coal storage area of a power generation plant in Taiyuan on properties of the surrounding soil within 900 m range were investigated by assessment experiments and chemical analysis.Results indicated quantities of total dust and coal dust in this distance apparently decreased with away from the coal storage area.The highest amounts of total dust and coal dust at the nearest 300 m spot respectively up to 84.38 and 34.48 t·30 d-1·km-2 among these observation spots in March.Moreover the amount of organic carbon and labile organic matter in 0～10 cm depth of surface layer soil were similarly changed with coal dust.Soil microorganism also increased with the increase of coal dust content.But there were no significant differences in the amounts of total N,available P and K of the tested soil.In a word,coal dust could increase the amount of organic carbon and labile organic matter in surface layer soil and improve microorganism activity.

关 键 词：煤粉尘 土壤有机碳 土壤活性有机质 土壤养分 土壤微生物 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]