U型钢支架结构稳定性及其控制技术  

STRUCTURAL STABILITY OF U-STEEL SUPPORT AND ITS CONTROL TECHNOLOGY

作　　者：谢文兵[1] 荆升国[2] 王涛[2] 任有奎[2] 张农[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学煤炭资源与安全开采国家重点实验室,江苏徐州221008 [2]中国矿业大学矿业工程学院,江苏徐州221008

出　　处：《岩石力学与工程学报》2010年第A02期3743-3748,共6页Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(50674085);煤炭资源与安全开采国家重点实验室自主研究课题(SKLCRSM08X01)

摘　　要：控制高应力软岩巷道围岩的强烈变形,除了加大支护强度外,提高支护结构的稳定性至关重要。采用理论分析、室内试验和现场试验相结合的方法,分析U型钢支架失稳的原因和支架工作过程中的承载特性,提出支护稳阻技术、支护结构补偿原理和补偿技术。研究结果表明,引起支架结构失稳的主要原因是连接件强度低或连接件结构不合理、支护结构与围岩相互作用差、支架结构不稳定等。根据支架结构失稳破坏的主要原因,采取相应的技术措施,如采用强度高、结构合理的卡缆。支架滑移后其承载性能极不稳定,要保持支架工作过程中具有很高的支护阻力,支架滑移后应重新拧紧卡缆。采用U型钢壁后充填或U型钢壁后注浆后,支架承载能力得到大幅度提高,但由于其结构稳定性较差,支架仍然会失稳破坏。因此,应根据巷道围岩的变形特点和U型钢棚基本支护的结构稳定性,采用稳结装置对U型钢棚基本支护进行结构补偿,可大大提高支护结构的整体承载能力及其结构稳定性。To control strong deformation of surrounding rock around soft rock roadway with high stress,improving stability of support structure is important besides increasing support strength. The cause of U-steel support instability and support bearing characteristics during working are analyzed by theoretical analysis and laboratory experiment and field test. The technique of steadying support resistance,the principle of support structure compensation and its technique are proposed. The results show that the main reasons of support structure instability are low intensity connector,irrationality structure connector,poor interaction relation between surrounding rock and support,unstable support structure,etc. The corresponding technique,such as connector with high strength and rational structure,is adopted according to the main reasons of the support structure instability. The support bearing capability is unstable after support slipping,and in order to keep a high support resistance during support bearing,the support connector should be re-tightened after support slipping. Though the working resistance can be improved greatly by U-steel backfilling or U-steel back grouting,because of the instability of support structure,the support can still lose its stability. The device of steadying structure is rationally laid out to structural compensate for U-steel support according to the deformation characteristics of surrounding rock and the structural instable type of U-steel support,and it greatly improves the bearing capacity of the whole support and its structural stability.

关 键 词：采矿工程 高应力软岩巷道 U型钢支架 结构失稳 结构补偿 稳结装置 

分 类 号：TD35[矿业工程—矿井建设]