黄土高塬沟壑区植物路面与土质路面水动力参数特征对比  

Comparison study on hydrodynamic parameters of plant-covered road and earth-covered road on the Loess Plateau

作　　者：王浩[1,2] 王文龙[1,3] 金剑[4] 王贞[1] 车小力[3] 罗婷[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所黄土高塬土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049 [3]西北农林科技大学,陕西杨凌712100 [4]黄河水利委员会西峰水土保持科学试验站,甘肃庆阳745000

出　　处：《中国水土保持科学》2010年第5期8-13,41,共7页Science of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划"高塬沟壑区农果林多元综合治理模式研究与示范"(2006BAD09B09 01);黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室自主资助课题(10502 Z3 5)

摘　　要：黄土高塬沟壑区道路侵蚀异常严重,给农业生产与农产品运输造成了极大不便,目前情况下植物路是防治道路侵蚀最经济有效的方式。通过野外放水冲刷试验,系统对比分析了植物路与土质路土壤剥蚀率与各水动力参数间的关系。结果表明：3°~9°的植物路较土质路平均减沙64.68%;道路侵蚀剥蚀率与各水力学参数之间具有很好的相关性,其中水流功率与土壤剥蚀率相关性最高;土壤剥蚀率与水流剪切力呈幂函数关系,与水流功率和单宽能耗呈线性关系。研究结果对深入揭示植物路防蚀机制有重要意义。The condition of road erosion was extremely serious on the Loess Plateau,which caused great inconvenience to the agricultural production and transportation.At present,the plant-covered road was the most effective and economical way to prevent the road erosion.The scouring experiments were conducted to contrastive analyze the relationships between soil detachment rate and hydrodynamic parameters of plant-covered road and earth-covered road.The results showed that with the range of slope gradient from 3° to 9°,compared to the earth-covered road,the soil detachment rate of the plant-covered road reduced by 64.68%;Significant correlation exits between soil detachment rate and the hydrodynamic parameters,and the flow power has the highest significant correlation with soil detachment rate;There was a power function relationship between the soil detachment rate and the flow shear stress,and there was a linear relationship between the soil detachment rate and the flow power,energy consumption of unit width;It had important significance to get a further analysis on the mechanism of erosion reduction of plant-covered road.

关 键 词：道路侵蚀 剥蚀率 水流剪切力 水流功率 单宽能耗 

分 类 号：S157.2[农业科学—土壤学]