黄土区退耕背景下的土地利用适宜性评价——以安塞县马家沟流域为例  

Appraisal of land use suitability on the background of Grain for Green in the Loess Plateau:A case study in Majiagou Catchment of Ansai County

作　　者：万龙[1] 张晓萍[1,2] 陈凤娟[1] 吴艳[1] 付艳玲[1] 刘国彬[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院 [2]中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《中国水土保持科学》2010年第5期30-35,共6页Science of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：中国科学院西部行动计划(二期)项目"黄土高原退耕还林(草)环境效应与效益评价"(KZCX2 XB2 05 03)

摘　　要：采用坡度、土壤侵蚀强度和地貌部位等指标,对黄土丘陵区马家沟流域1990年和退耕后近10年的2008年的土地利用情况进行适宜性评价。结果表明:1)退耕还林作用影响下,1990—2008年间,流域中农用地减少了11.74%,林地增加了11.54%,园地增加了1.82%,主要发生在>15°陡坡地段;2)马家沟流域土地利用相对合理指数由1990年的0.64变为2008年的0.67;3)2008年农、林、草主要地类占流域面积分别为21.17%、19.57%和56.62%。农用地类型中,高适宜性地类(适宜性指数A>0.8)和中适宜性地类(0.5≤A≤0.8)面积分别为1.31%和21.27%,低适宜性地类(A<0.5)面积占77.42%。林地类型中,高(A>0.7)、中(0.5≤A≤0.7)、低适宜性(A<0.5)地类分别占7.21%、24.56%和68.23%。草地类中,高(A>0.7)和中适宜性(0.4≤A≤0.7)地类面积分别占24.87%和75.13%。Land use suitability has a great impact on the ecosystem development and soil erosion of the Loess Plateau.Since the implementation of ＂Grain for Green＂ policy in 1999,the land use was expected to be more rational.This paper took the Majiagou Catchment of Ansai County in the Loess Plateau as example to appraise the land use suitability change over nearly 20 years.The factors influencing land fertility and moisture just like slope degree,soil erosion intensity and the position of landform were used to appraise the land use suitability.The results showed as follows： 1）The area of farmland decreased by 11.74% from 1990 to 2008;the area of woodland increased by 11.54% and the area of orchard increased by 1.82%.Land use type transferring mainly happened on the slopes greater than 15°.2） The land use rationality index of the catchment was calculated and found that from 1990 to 2008 this index was increased from 0.64 to 0.67.3） In 2008,the area of farmland,woodland and grassland were 21.17%,19.57%,56.62% in the catchment.The area of farmland with high suitability（suitability index A0.8） and middle suitability（0.5≤A≤0.8） were respectively 1.31% and 21.27% of total farmland area.About 77.42% area of farmland was low suitable（A0.5）.The area of woodland with high（A0.7）,middle（0.5≤A≤0.7） and low suitability（A0.5） was 7.21%,24.56%,68.23% of the total woodland area.The area of grassland with high（A0.7） and middle（0.4≤A≤0.7） suitable levels was about 24.87% and 75.13% respectively.

关 键 词：土地利用 适宜性 评价 小流域 黄土高原 

分 类 号：S28[农业科学—农业水土工程]